Plants Flashcards
Carbon dioxide
the gas in the air used by plants to make food. It is produced during respiration, by burning fossil fuels or by acids reacting with metal carbonates.
Oxygen
a gas in the air that is produced by plants, used during aerobic respiration and during combustion reactions glucose - a simple sugar molecule
Photosynthesis
the process by which energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water are used by green plants to produce glucose and oxygen
Starch
a large molecule made by plants as a form of food storage
Iodine
orange coloured liquid used to test for starch
Chlorophyll
Green pigment in plants used in photosynthesis
Cuticle
Waxy, waterproof, protective outer layer of a leaf
Epidermis
Single celled thick transparent layer in the upper surface of a leaf
Palisade cell
A long narrow plant cell, packed with chloroplasts and found in the upper part of the leaf
Spongy cell
A plant cell with a large surface area, large spaces around it and found in the lower part of the leaf
Pore
A very small hole
Stomata
Tiny pores on the bottom of a leaf which gasses can move in and out
Stoma
A pore on the bottom of a leaf which allows gasses to go in and out
Guard cells
Leaf cells either side of the stoma which controls its opening and closing
Rate
A measure of speed or the number of times something happens in a set time
Concentration
The number of particles packed in a certain volume
Transpiration
movement of water in plants as it is taken up through the roots and released from the leaves as water vapour
Xylem cells
cells that join to form a pipeline in the stem of the plant through which water and minerals travel
Root hair cells
Specialised cells or roots
Deficiency
The lack of something
Manure
Waste organic material
Chemosynthesis
Energy from chemical used to make food
Hydrothermal vent
forms on the sea floor where there is volcanic activity
