Plantae

Question 1

Synapomorphies of Plantae

Answer 1

1) Alternation of Generations
2) Multicellular Dependent Embryos
3) Walled Spores Produced in Sporangia
4) Multicellular Gametangia
5) Apical Meristems

Question 2

Synapomorphies shared by Plantae and Charophytes

Answer 2

1) Rosette-shaped cellulose-synthesizing complexes
2) Anti-photorespiration enzymes packaged in peroxisomes
3) Structure of flagellated sperm
4) Phragmoplast formation during cell division (mitosis)

Question 3

Adaptations Enabling the Colonization of Terrestrial Habitats

Answer 3

1) Sporopollenin
2) Adaptations for Water Conservation
3) Lignified Vascular Tissue for Internal Transport
4) Resources More Compartmentalized

Question 4

Plantae Clades

Answer 4

1) Seedless Non-Vascular Plants (bryophytes)
2) Seedless Vascular Plants
3) Seed Plants

Question 5

Bryophtye Characteristics

Answer 5

1) Dominant Gametophyte, Dependent Sporophyte.
2) Lack Lignin, therefore cannot form vascular tissue.
3) No roots. Absorb water through surfaces.

Question 6

Vascular Plant Characteristics

Answer 6

1) Lignified Vascular Tissue
2) Complex Multicellular Roots
3) Complex Multicellular Leaves
4) Sporophylls
5) Size / Sex Variation in Spores
6) Dominant Sporophyte

Question 7

Seedless Vascular Plant Characteristics

Answer 7

1) Vascular Tissue Allows Vertical Growth
2) Flagellated Sperm
3) Sporophyte Dominant
4) Small, Independent Gametophyte

Question 8

Synapomorphies of Seed Plants

Answer 8

1) Reduced Gametophytes
2) Heterospory
3) Pollen
4) Ovules
5) Seeds