Plant Unit Flashcards
Tracheophyta
comprising plants with a vascular system including ferns and fern allies as well as seed plants
Protonema
a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage (the haploid phase) of a bryophyte life cycle
Chlorophyta
Chlorophyta is a division of green algae, informally called chlorophytes. The name is used in two very different senses, so care is needed to determine the use by a particular
Antheridium
the male sex organ of algae, mosses, ferns, fungi, and other nonflowering plants.
Archegonium
the female sex organ in mosses, liverworts, ferns, and most conifers.
Chlamydomonas
a common single-celled green alga that lives in water and moist soil and typically has two flagella for swimming.
Dioecious
having the male and female reproductive organs in separate individuals.
Parenchyma
the cellular tissue, typically soft and succulent, found chiefly in the softer parts of leaves, pulp of fruits, bark and pith of stems, etc.
Meristematic
meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place. Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing.
Apical meristems
A meristem at the tip of a plant shoot or root that produces auxin and causes the shoot or root to increase in length. Growth that originates in the apical meristem is called primary growth.
Anther
the part of a stamen that contains the pollen.
Filament
The slender part of a stamen that supports the anther.
Stamen
the male fertilizing organ of a flower, typically consisting of a pollen-containing anther and a filament.
Style
the style is a structure found within the flower. It is a long, slender stalk that connects the stigma and the ovary. The stigma is at the top of the style and is a sticky platform where pollen is deposited.
Ovary
an ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower or gynoecium. Specifically, it is the part of the pistil which holds the ovule(s) and is located above or below o
Stigma
The part of the pistil where pollen germinates.
Pistil
the female reproductive part of a flower. The pistil, centrally located, typically consists of a swollen base, the ovary, which contains the potential seeds, or ovules; a stalk, or style, arising from the ovary; and a pollen-receptive tip, the stigma, variously shaped and often sticky.
Carpel
A carpel is composed of an ovary, a style, and a stigma, although some flowers have carpels without a distinct style. In origin, carpels are leaves (megasporophylls) that have evolved to enclose the ovules.
Receptacle
the thickened part of a stem from which the flower organs grow. In some accessory fruits, for example the pome and strawberry, the receptacle gives rise to the edible part of the fruit.
Sori
a cluster of sporangia on the underside of a fertile fern frond
Rhizome
a modified subterranean stem of a plant that is usually found underground, often sending out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks and rootstocks
Rhizoids
A slender, rootlike filament by which mosses, liverworts, and the gametophytes of ferns attach themselves to the material in which they grow.
Capsule
In botany a capsule is a type of simple, dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. A capsule is a structure composed of two or more carpels. In Angiosperms (flowering plants), the term locule is used to refer to a chamber within the fruit.
Zygote
a eukaryotic cell formed by a fertilization event between two gametes.
