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BOTANY LEC > Plant Tissues and Organs > Flashcards

Plant Tissues and Organs Flashcards

1
Q

3 basic cell type of plant tissue

A
  1. Parenchyma
  2. Collenchyma
  3. Sclerenchyma
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2
Q

Most common plant cell type

A

Parenchyma cell

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3
Q

Parenchyma are found where?

A

cortex of roots, ground tissue in stems and mesophyll of leaves

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4
Q

Parenchyma function

A
  • store starch, oils and water
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5
Q

What type of cell help heal wound to the plant?

A

Parenchyma cells

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6
Q

Have a thin flexible walls

A

Parenchyma cells

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7
Q

Plant cell that provide support to a growing plant

A

Collenchyma cells

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8
Q

Collenchyma cells have unevenly thick cell walls

A

True

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9
Q

Collenchyma cells are not strong and flexible

A

False

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10
Q

Collenchyma cells are found where?

A

under the epidermis, young stems, petioles, and leaf veins

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11
Q

The strongest plant cell type

A

Sclerenchyma cells

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12
Q

Sclerenchyma cells are found where?

A

Cortex of leaves and in stems

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13
Q

The second cell wall are hardened by what

A

Lignin

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14
Q

Sclerenchyma cells die when they reach maturity

A

True

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15
Q

What do humans make out of the sclerenchyma cells

A

Linen and rope

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16
Q

Plant organs are made out of three tissue systems

A
  1. Dermal Tissue
  2. Ground Tissue
  3. Vascular tissue
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17
Q

Tissue system that covers the outside of a plant

A

Dermal tissue

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18
Q

Dermal tissues forms the what of a plant?

A

Outer bark of trees

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19
Q

Dermal tissue function

A
  • protects the plant

- secretes cuticle of leaves

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20
Q

Tissue system that is found inside a plant

A

Ground tissue

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21
Q

Where do ground tissues stores materials

A

in roots and stems

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22
Q

Ground tissue provides supports

A

True

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23
Q

Ground tissue is most commonly made of parenchyma cells

A

True

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24
Q

The tissue system that transports water, minerals and organic compounds.

A

Vascular tissue

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25
Q

Vascular tissue has one network of hollow tube

A

FALSE (two networks)

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26
Q

Two types of specialized tissue that compromises the vascular tissue

A
  1. Xylem

2. Phoem

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27
Q

Type of specialized tissue that transports water and minerals

A

Xylem

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28
Q

Type of specialized tissue that transports photosynthetic products

A

Phloem

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29
Q

A system that allows for the transport of water, minerals, and sugars.

A

Vascular system

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30
Q

Xylem contains 3 specialized cells which are?

A
  1. Vessel elements
  2. Tracheid cells
  3. Xylem cells
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31
Q

Type of xylem specialized cell that are long and narrow

A

Tracheid cells

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32
Q

Type of xylem specialized cell that dies at maturity

A

Xylem cells

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33
Q

Type of xylem specialized cell that are short and wide

A

Vessel elements

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34
Q

Cohesion-tension theory

A

Explains water movement

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35
Q

It is the tendency of water molecules to bond with each other.

A

Cohesion

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36
Q

the tendency of water

molecules to bond with other substances.

37
Q

The process of how water travels form roots to the top of trees

A

> Adsorption
Cohesion and adhesion
Transpiration

38
Q

Water and dissolved minerals in the soil are pulled into roots through cell walls , through plasmodesmata (channels) OR from cell to cell through their vacuoles

A

Absorption

39
Q

What helps the water to move upward within and through the xylem?

A

Cohesion and Adhesion

40
Q

It is the loss of water

vapor through leaves.

A

Transpiration

41
Q

In what specific part of leaves does transpiration occur?

A

Leaf stomata

42
Q

It is the major force moving water through plants and helps to pull water to the top branches

A

Transpiration

43
Q

Phloem contains 3 specialized cells

A
  1. Sieve tube elements
  2. Companion cells
  3. Phloem parenchyma
44
Q

Type of phloem specialized cell that have holes at ends

A

Sieve tube elements

45
Q

Type of phloem specialized cell that helps the Sieve tube elements

A

Companion cells

46
Q

Type of phloem specialized cell that store food material and other substances

A

Phloem parenchyma

47
Q

Phloem tissue is alive

48
Q

Pressure-flow model

A

Explains sugar movement

49
Q

Sugar flows to the sink due to what?

A

Pressure difference

50
Q

Water moves from the xylem into the phloem by what process?

A

Osmosis (high to low concentration)

51
Q

Form the support system of vascular plants.

A

Roots and stems

52
Q

Anchor plants and absorb mineral nutrients from

soil.

53
Q

What helps the root to absorb nutrients

A

Root hairs

54
Q

Part of a root that covers the tip

55
Q

Part of a root that is an area of growth

A

Apical meristem

56
Q

Part of a root that contains xylem and phloem

A

Vascular cylinder

57
Q

Two main types of roots

A
  1. Fibrous roots systems

2. Taproot systems

58
Q

Type of root that have one main root

A

Taproot systems

59
Q

Type of root that have fine branches

A

Fibrous root systems

60
Q

What type of root does monocot plant have?

A

Fibrous root systems

61
Q

What type of root does dicot plant have?

A

Taproot systems

62
Q

Part of the plant that support, transport materials, and provide storage.

63
Q

It houses most vascular system, store water, and support leaves and flowers

64
Q

Does stem form new plants?

65
Q

Stem grow underground for storage.

66
Q

Characteristics of stems

A
  • herbaceous and conduct photosynthesis

- can be woody and form protective bark

67
Q

Primary growth of a plant

A

increases plant’s length (root and stems)

68
Q

Secondary growth of a plant

A

increases plant’s width (root and stems)

69
Q

Tree age can be determined through

A

the thickness of the ring band

70
Q

Monocot stem characteristics

A

Vascular bundles in stems are separated throughout in monocotyledon.

71
Q

Dicot stem characteristics

A

Vascular bundles in stems are organized in a ring-like pattern in dicotyledon.

72
Q

Part of the plant that absorb light and carry out photosynthesis.

73
Q

The blade of the leaves are mostly

A

broad and flat

74
Q

Leaves collects what in order to perform photosynthesis

75
Q

Leaves are connected to the stem by?

76
Q

What is a mesophyll?

A

the internal ground tissue located between the two epidermal cell layers of the leaf

77
Q

A specialized plant cell that surround each stoma

A

Guard cells

78
Q

When guard cells change shape, stomata open and close

79
Q

What happens when stomata opens?

A

Water evaporates and gas

exchanges

80
Q

When does stomata closes?

A
  • at night

- when plant loses too much water

81
Q

3 types of leaf forms

A
  1. Simple
  2. Compound
  3. Double compound
82
Q

2 types of leaf veins

A
  1. Parallel

2. Pinnate

83
Q

3 types of leaf margins

A
  1. Toothed
  2. Entire
  3. Lobed
84
Q

2 types of mesophyll cells

A
  1. Palisade mesophyll

2. Spongy mesophyll

85
Q

Type of mesophyll cell that absorbs sunlight

A

Palisade mesophyll

86
Q

Type of mesophyll cell that connects to stomata

A

Spongy mesophyll

87
Q

Leaves adaptation

A
  1. For extreme temperatures
  2. For water loss
  3. For aquatic environments
  4. For getting food
88
Q

Monocot leaves characteristics

A

The system of the leaf is parallel in monocotyledons. These leaves are isobilateral.

89
Q

Dicot leaves characteristics

A

There is the net-like system present in the leaf of dicotyledons. These leaves are dorsiventral.

BOTANY LEC (2 decks)

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