Plant Tissues Flashcards
What is a tissue
Group of cells with similar structure and specialized to perform a certain function
What are the 5 main types
Epidermis, parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma , xylem and phloem , meristematic tissue
Where is epidermis located
Covers surface of plant organs
What is the structure of the epidermis
Single layer of tightly packed cells
No intercellular airspace’s
No chloroplasts
2 specialized epidermal cells ?
Guard cells
Root hair cells
Function of guard cells
Allow gases to enter and exit leaf
Bean shaped
Where is parenchyma located
Under epidermis
Structure of parenchyma?
Thin walls
Large vacuoles
Large intercellular airspace’s
What is chlorenchyma ?
Specialized parenchyma
Where is collenchyma located
Under epidermis
Structure of collenchyma ?
Irregularly thickened walls in corners
No intercellular airspace’s
What are leaf stalks called
Petioles
Where is sclerenchyma located
In stem and roots and some fruits and nutshells
Structure of sclerenchyma
Evenly thickened cell walls containing cellulose and lignin
2 types of sclerenchyma?
Sclerenchyma fibers
Stone cells
What does xylem transport
Water and mineral salts
What does phloem transport
Food
What are xylems 2 functions
Transport water and mineral salts from roots to plant
Withstand pressure of water and support the plant
2 types of xylem cells ?
Tracheids
Vessels
Structure of xylem
Walls thickened with lignin
Structure of phloem
Sieve tubes and companion cells
Location of meristematic tissue ?
Tips of roots and shoots and cambium
Function of meristematic tissue ?
Divide to make more cells
Makes roots and stems grow longer and wider
Structure of meristematic tissue ?
Tightly packed
Dense cytoplasm
What sclerenchyma fiber gives some fruits a gritty texture ?
Pears of nuts
What are tracheids
Cells with overlapping ends that transport water
What are are vessels
They are joined end to end to transport water
What do vessels form ?
Continuous tubes that helps water travel up easily
What is a sieve plate
End walls with small holes in them
Function of companion cells ?
Controls functions of sieve tubes
What does differentiate mean
Become specialized to perform specific functions
