PLANT TAXONOMY Flashcards
This system of classification is also called ________ and usually features both English and Latin names for different divisions.
taxonomy
Greek philosopher and naturalist and is often called the “Father of Botany.”
Theophrastus
was a pupil of Aristotle and was the first person to publish a classification of plants.
Theophrastus
Theophrastus classified plants based on form: (2)
- Herbs, shrubs, trees
- Annuals, perennials, biennials
was the first person to propose an orderly system for classifying organisms.
Carolus Linnaeus
He developed the Binomial (bi = “2”; nomial = “name”) System of Naming Plants in 1753:
- All plants have a scientific name composed of two Latin names known as a (2)
Carolus Linnaeus
genus and species
His system is still used today and his called the Father of Taxonomy
Carolus Linnaeus
Plant Classification (7)
Kingdom: (Plantae)
Phylum: (Tracheophyta)
Class: (Angiosperm)
Order: (Rosales)
Family: (Rosaceae)
Genus: (Rosa)
Species: (Rosa gallica)
Plant Kingdom (Plantae) has over ________ species
275,00
Characteristics of Kingdom Plantae (3):
- Whether they can circulate fluids (like rainwater)
through their bodies or need to absorb them from the
moisture that surrounds them - How they reproduce (by spores or different kinds of
seeds) - Their size or stature.
Plants are divided in this category based on:
- whether or not the plant bears or produces seeds
- Vascular or Non-Vascular plants
Phylum
Over 250,000 plants in this category
Phylum
Over 235,00 species in this category
Class
Plants are divided into two types of classes
- Angiospermae (angiosperms)- plants which produce flowers
- Gymnospermae (gymnosperms)- plants which don’t produce flowers
2 subclasses of plants
- Dicotyledonae (dicotyledons/dicots)– plants with two seed leaves
- Monocotyledonae (monocotyledons/monocot)- plants with one seed leaf
Over 18,000 species in this category
Order
A group of related plant families, classified in the ______ in which they are thought to have developed their differences from a common ancestor (based from their): (2)
Order
Vegetative Structures and Reproductive Structures
Names of orders end in
ales
Each order is divided into
families
These are plants with many botanical features in common. (Vegetative and Reproductive Structures used)
Family
In this category, related plants with similar flower parts are grouped together
Family
The _______ Family, consists of plums, apples,
strawberries because they all have similar flower structures.
Rose Family (Rosaceae)
The names of families end in –
aceae
Over 3,500 species in this category
family
This is the plants group name
Genus
All plants having the same generic name are
said to belong to the same _______ and have
similar characteristics and are closely
related.
Genus
The name of the ______ should be written with a capital letter.
Genus
Over 500 species in this category
Genus
Examples of plant Genus (7)
- Pinus- all pines
- Musa- all bananas (from Arabic word mauz)
- Lithocarpus/ Quercus- all oaks
- Begonia- all begonias
- Jasminum- all jasmines
- Juniperus- all junipers
- Viola- all violet types (of Family Violacaee)
This is the highest level that defines an individual plant.
Species
Often, the ______ will describe some aspect of the plant. The color of the flowers, size or shape of the leaves, or the place where it was found.
name
Together the ________ and _________ name refer to only one plant, and they are used to identify that particular plant.
Genus and species
The _________ is an adjective that describes the genus.
species name
The name of the ________ should be written after the Genus name, in small letters, with no capital letter.
species
Some botanical terms used in scientific names:
Alba
Polysperma
Pseudo
Bi
Macro
Tetra
Indicus
Carpus
Folius/folia
Diptero
Pteros
Alba - white
Polysperma - many seed
Pseudo - false
Bi - two
Macro - larger
Tetra - four
Indicus - from East Indies
Carpus - fruited
Folius/folia - leaved
Diptero - di/2
Pteros - wing
