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year 8 plant systems > plant systems > Flashcards

plant systems Flashcards

1
Q

what is the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

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2
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

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3
Q

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

A

carbon dioxide and water

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4
Q

What are the products of photosynthesis?

A

glucose and oxygen

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5
Q

what is the stomata used for?

A

gas exchange

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6
Q

what is chlorophyll?

A

A green pigment in the chloroplasts

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7
Q

what is the purpose of chlorophyll?

A

absorb light energy for photosynthesis

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8
Q

where do plants get carbon dioxide from?

A

atmosphere and stomata

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9
Q

where do plants get water from?

A

the ground through roots

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10
Q

what are the transport systems in plants?

A

xylem and phloem

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11
Q

what is the purpose of roots?

A

anchor vascular plants to the soil, absorb minerals and water, and often store glucose

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12
Q

what is the name of the small projection on roots?

A

root hairs

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13
Q

what is the purpose of root hairs?

A

increase surface area for absorption of water

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14
Q

what is the name of the central root called?

A

taproot

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15
Q

what is the function of the xylem?

A

transports water and soluble minerals such as nitrogen and sulfur from the roots to the leaves

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16
Q

what directions can water and mineral travel in the xylem?

A

unidirectional, one direction only

17
Q

structure of the xylem?

A
  • Consists of dead cells (lose their horizontal cell walls and vertical cell wall join together)
  • Thick, strengthened cellulose cell wall
  • Hollow
18
Q

what are the xylem vessels thicken by

A

lignin

19
Q

what is the term for water molecules sticking together

A

cohesion

20
Q

what is the term for water molecules sticking to the walls of the xylem?

A

adhesion

21
Q

what were xylem cells before they died?

A

normal plant cells

22
Q

how does water move up the xylem

A

− loss of water at the leaves (transpiration)

− this applies TENSION to the SINGLE column of water in the xylem

− the column of water moves up as one as the water particles stick together, COHESION

23
Q

how do plants ‘cool down’

A

humans produce sweat to cool down while plants just transpire water from the roots to cool down

24
Q

Why are the walls of the xylem so thick?

A

they must be thick enough to withstand the force of adhesion and to keep the xylem open and the plant upright

year 8 plant systems (1 decks)

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