Plant Structure

Question 1

what are the 3 types of tissues that plants have, what are their function?

Answer 1

Dermal → think outside “skin”
Ground → support, growth, metabolism; think “filling”
Vascular → think circulatory system

Question 2

what are the cells viewed in the celery cross section?

Answer 2

• epidermis
• collenchyma
• parenchyma
• phloem
• vascular cambium
• xylem

Question 3

when using blue dye, what colour are primary cell walls vs secondary cell walls? why?

Answer 3

Primary cells walls stained purple/pink; lignin of secondary cell walls bluish green

Question 4

what kind of tissue is collenchyma? what is it for? what do its cells look like?

Answer 4

ground
flexible support
Smaller than parenchyma
Have unevenly thickened walls
Cells may be elongated
Provide flexible support without restricting growth
Often found under epidermis and near vascular tissue

Question 5

what kind of tissue is parenchyma? what is it for? what do its cells look like?

Answer 5

ground
metabolic
Large
Thin/flexible cell walls
Performs most of the metabolic functions for plants; photosynthesis occurs here
Replacement and repair cells in plants

Question 6

what kind of tissue is sclerenchyma? what is it for? what do its cells look like? (not in celery)

Answer 6

Thick walls
Contains large amounts of lignin
For support

Question 7

what kind of tissue is phloem? what is it for? what do its cells look like?

Answer 7

vascular
Transports sugar “downwards” throughout plant
Appears as small tightly packed cells
May be able to sieve tube plates
Live at maturity

Question 8

what kind of tissue is cambium? what is it for? what do its cells look like?

Answer 8

vascular
Located between phloem and xylem, looks like xylem, but slightly different colour - more blue green
for growth

Question 9

what kind of tissue is xylem? what is it for? what do its cells look like?

Answer 9

vascular
Has tracheids (smaller) and vessels (larger)
transports minerals and water upwards
May have secondary walls that appear green/blue
Dead at maturity

Question 10

what is the difference between a plan drawing and a detail drawing? how many cells should be included? what should have its actual size calculated?

Answer 10

plan drawing shows:
-Relative amounts of each cell type
-Location of one cell type relative to other cell types
Detail drawing shows:
-Relative cells size
-Cell shape
-Cell wall thickness
-3-4 cells should be drawn

• actual size for section of plan drawing that makes sense
• only necessary to calculate actual size once for all cell types you draw in detail drawing, as they should be relative to one another