Plant Reproduction Flashcards
What is the technical name for flowering plants?
Angiosperms
What is the technical name for non-flowering plants?
Gymnosperms
What is the term for the reproduction process of nonvascular plants?
alternation of generations; when the plant goes through both a gamete (sex cell) producing stage and a spore producing stage
Pollen (or pollen grains) are which gender of sex cell: male or female?
Male. Pollen is carried by wind or animals to a female reproductive organ, fertilizing it for the next stage of development
What is the term for a flower that contains both male and female reproductive organs?
a perfect flower
What is the purpose of petals?
to attract pollinators like bees and birds
What are the male structures of a perfect flower?
a stamen, which contains an anther and a filament
What are the female structures of a perfect flower?
a style, stigma, and ovary/ovaries
What is the purpose of fruit?
to carry seeds away from the plant
What is the basic definition of fruit?
anything that the ovary containing the seed/seeds turns into
What is germination?
The process of a seed “waking up” to begin growing a new plant when exposed to the right conditions
What two things are necessary for a seed to germinate?
water and oxygen
What is an annual?
a plant that only lives during one growing season before dying
What is a biennial?
a plant that lives twice, for two growing seasons before dying (1st growing season for obtaining nutrients, 2nd growing season for reproduction)
What is a perennial?
a plant that lives for several growing seasons, either by re-growing a new body above ground every year, or by hibernating (like trees) during the non-growing months.
