Plant Organisations In Plants

Question 1

Describe the structure and function of palisade cells and guard cells in plants?

Answer 1

Palisade cells: specialised to absorb light energy for photosynthesis, so many chloroplasts. Pack closely together.
Guard cells: form stoma. When turgid, stoma open; when flaccid, stoma closes. Walls are thickened by spirals of cellulose

Question 2

Describe the structure and function of Root hair cells

Answer 2

Specialised to absorb water and low-concentration minerals from soil.
Hair-like projections increase surface area for osmosis/carrier proteins for active transport.
Many mitochondria produce atp for active transport

Question 3

What are meristems?

Answer 3

Totipotent undifferentiated plant cells that can develop into various types of plant cells, including xylem vessels & phloem sieve tubes.

Question 4

Describe the structure of vascular bundle

Answer 4

Idk search it up or smth

Question 5

Describe the structure of phloem tissue

Answer 5

-sieve tube elements: form a tube to transport sucrose in the dissolved form of sap
-companion cells: involved in ATP production for active loading of sucrose into sieve tubes
-plasmodesmata:gaps between cell walls where the cytoplasm links, allowing substance to flow

Question 6

Describe the structure of xylem tissue

Answer 6

-vessel elements: lignified secondary walls for mechanical strength & waterproofing: perforated end walls for rapid water flows.
-Tracheids: tapered ends for close packing; pits for lateral water movement; no cytoplasm or nucleus

Question 7

Describe the additional cell type in xylem tissue

Answer 7

-Xylem parenchyma: packing tissue with thin walls transmit turgidity
-sclerenchyma fibres: heavily lignified to withstand negative pressure