Plant Organelles Flashcards
What is a phloem?
A structure that transports organic substances up and down a plant
What is a xylem?
A structure that transports water and mineral salts in the stem and leaves of a plant
What is a vascular bundle?
Strands of vascular tissue containing xylem and phloem vessels
Provides structural support
What is a meristem?
Regions of unspecialised cells in plants that are capable of cell division
What is a pericycle?
A layer of meristem cells
What is an endodermis?
A single layer of cells that borders the cortex of a root
What is a cambium?
A layer of cells in a plant that provides unspecialised cells to promote growth
What are the four types of plants and their environment?
Xerophyte: plants adapted to a dry habitat
Mesophyte: plants adapted to a habitat with adequate water
Halophyte: plants adapted to a salty habitat
Hydrophyte: plants adapted to a freshwater habitat
What is a parenchyma?
Living cells with thin cellulose walls
They can store water for structural support, making cells turgid
What is a sclerenchyma?
Fibres provide strength as walls are lignified
Supports the plant, characterised by thickenings in the secondary walls
Cells are already dead when they’re matured
