Plant Oils Flashcards
What type of molecules do Oils and Fats contain
Long-chain molecules with lots of Carbon atoms
Oils and fats can either be…
Unsaturated
Saturated
What type of bonds do Unsaturated oils have
Double C (C=C)
What chains do Unsaturated oils have
Carbon
What happens to Bromine Water with Unsaturated Oil
Decolourises as bonds open up
How many C=C bonds to Monounsaturated oils have
One
How many C=C bonds do Polyunsaturated oils have
More than one
What can you do to plant oils
Hydrogenate them
What state are Unsaturated Vegetable Oils at room temperature
Liquid
Explain Hydrogenation
Harden the unsaturated veg oils by reacting them with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst at 60 degrees
What catalyst is needed for Hydrogenation
Nickel
What temperature does Hydrogenation occur at
60 degrees
How does Hydrogenation work
The Hydrogen reacts with the C=C bond and opens then out
Why are Hydrogenated Oils more solid at room temp than Unsaturated oils
Higher melting points
What are Hydrogenated oils useful for
Cake and baking pastries
Spreads
Do animal fats tend to be Unsaturated or Saturated
Saturated
Do Vegetable oils tend to be unsaturated or saturated
Unsaturated
What are more healthy and why?
Saturated Fats / Unsaturated Fats
Unsaturated fats because Saturated fats increase blood cholesterol causing a blocking if the arteries and increasing risk of heart disease
Give 2 examples of natural unsaturated fats
Sunflower Oil
Olive Oil
What do Natural Unsaturated fats do to the level of Blood cholesterol
Reduce it
What does cooking food in any oil do
Makes it more fattening
What do partially hydrogenated vegetable oil do to cholesterol level
Increases it
Why do Partially hydrogenated vegetable oils increase cholesterol levels
contain trans fats
Where do vegetable oils come from
Seeds
Vegetables
Fruits
