Plant nutrients

Question 1

macronutrients include

Answer 1

C,H,O,N,P,K,Ca,S,Mg

Question 2

which elements constitute 90-95% of the plant dry matter weight

Answer 2

Carbon, Hydrogen and oxygen

Question 3

primary nutritients

Answer 3

N, P and K required in large amounts

Question 4

secondary nutrients

Answer 4

Ca, Mg and S

Question 5

micronutrients include

Answer 5

Zinc, iron, Molybdenum, copper, manganese, boron, chlorine, nickel

Question 6

micronutrient cations

Answer 6

Fe, Mn, zn, cu, ni

Question 7

micronutrient anions

Answer 7

B, Mo, Cl

Question 8

nitrogen is a major component of

Answer 8

plant cell and cell wall

Question 9

cell wall contains how much% of N

Answer 9

5%

Question 10

N is a constituent of nucleic acids viz.

Answer 10

RNA and DNA therefore it is responsible for the transfer of genetic code to the offsprings

Question 11

function of P

Answer 11

involved in energy transfer, photosynthesis, transformation of sugars and starch, nutritient movement within the plant and transfer of genetic charactersistics

Question 12

What is a nutrient

Answer 12

Nutrient element is one that is required to complete the life cycle of the organism or uts relative deficiency produces specific deficiency symptoms

Question 13

depending upon the availability the nutrient in the plant could be

Answer 13

a. deficient
b. sufficient
c. toxic

Question 14

bioavailable nutrient

Answer 14

the nutrient available to the biological organisms

Question 15

what are beneficial elements

Answer 15

these are mineral elements which stimulate plant growth, but are not essential or which are essential only for certain plant species, or under specific conditions

Question 16

some beneficial elements are

Answer 16

Na, Al, Cobalt, Vanadium, Selenium, Silicon

Question 17

functional nutrients

Answer 17

this term was first introduced by Nicholas (1961) and defined as a nutrient required for the plant metabolism, whether the role is specific or indispensable

Question 18

tracer elements

Answer 18

radioisotope of an element used for tracing the path in its system to study the mechanism of its interaction with the system

Question 19

heavy metal

Answer 19

a metal having specific gravity of 5.0 or atomic number higher than 20. any element heavier than calcium is considered a heavy metal

Question 20

nutrient concentration

Answer 20

concentration of nutrient or its amount per unit weight of a plant tissue

Question 21

1% equals to

Answer 21

10,000 ppm

Question 22

nutrient uptake

Answer 22

Amount of nutrient taken up by the growing plants either from the soil or any other sources

Question 23

n is absorbed by plants as

Answer 23

No3- but in case of rice- Nh4+. its conc. 1-5%

Question 24

N is an essential component of

Answer 24

amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, riboflavin nucleotides, purine, pyrimidine, nucleic acids, enzymes, co-enzymes

Question 25

N fertilization improves the protein quality of the foodgrain by enhancing the proportion of

Answer 25

glutamic acid, proline, phenylalanine, cysteine, methionine, and tyrosin

Question 26

N fertilization improves the quality of foodgrain by decreasing the amount of

Answer 26

lysine, histidine, arginine, asparctic acids, threonine, glycine, valine and leucine

Question 27

P is absorbed by plant roots in the form of

Answer 27

dihydrogen orthophospate(H2Po4-) but under neutral and alkaline cond. it is also taken up as HPo4-

Question 28

In normal P sufficient plants, P content varies from

Answer 28

0.1-0.4%

Question 29

ATP stores how much kcal energy

Answer 29

ATP stores 12 kcal energy per mole contained in two pyrophosphate bonds between 3 P molecules

Question 30

P deficiency being associated with the accumulation of carbohydrates results

Answer 30

in the dark colour of leaves

Question 31

P deficient leaves are

Answer 31

thin, erect and spindly with sparse are restricted foliage.
Also the development of lateral buds is suppressed, leaves become narrow making an acute amgle with the axis stem and the foliage turns bluish green

Question 32

concentration of K in healthy plants

Answer 32

1-5%

Question 33

K functions

Answer 33

1. opening and closing of stomata
2. major role in transport of water and nutrients throughout the olant in xylem
3. increases root growth and drought tolerance
4. neutralizes organic anions
5. maintain cytoplasmic ph in the range of 7-8

Question 34

K is responsible for the activation and synthesis of

Answer 34

protein forming nitrate reductase enzyme

Question 35

K deficiency

Answer 35

chlorosis along the leaf margins is followed by scorching and browning of tips of older leaves which gradually progresses inwards

Question 36

functions of Ca

Answer 36

1. calcium pectate in cell wall
2. growth of meristems and functions of root tips
3. protects root cells against ion imbalance, low ph, toxic ions like al

Question 37

Ca deficiency symptoms

Answer 37

younger leaves are often distorted, small and abnormally green.
Ca deficient plants become cup shaped, crinkled and the terminal buds deteriorate with some break down of petioles

Question 38

Mg is a constituent of chlorophyll as

Answer 38

Mg porphyrin with one atom Mg bound with 4 pyrolle rings

Question 39

Mg deficiency symptoms

Answer 39

interveinal chlorosis and streaked or patchy effects on leaves . affected leaves turn small in final stages and curve upwards at margin

Question 40

4th major nutrient after N,P,K

Answer 40

Sulphur

Question 41

Sulphur is a constituent of

Answer 41

ferrodoxin containing nitrogenase which takes part in the biological nitrogen fixation

Question 42

S plays a major role in increasing the oil quality in

Answer 42

oilseed crops

Question 43

Crop Plants having how much N:S ratio is susceptible to S deficiency

Answer 43

more than 16:1 N:S ratio

Question 44

most common deficiency symptom of S

Answer 44

fading of the normal green colour of the young leaves followed by chlorosis