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Bio > Plant Kingdom > Flashcards

Plant Kingdom Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Algae occur in association with fungi as _____ and with animals (eg ______)

A

Lichens, sloth bear

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2
Q

Volvox is _______, while ulothrix and spirogyra are ________. (Filamentous/colonial)

A

Colonial, filamentous

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3
Q

A few of the marine algae like ______ form massive plant bodies.

A

Kelps

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4
Q

Asexual reproduction in algae most commonly takes place through ________.

A

Zoospores

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5
Q

The gametes of ulothrix are _______ and _______.

A

Isogamous, flagellated

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6
Q

The gametes of volvox and fucus are _________.

A

Oogamous

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7
Q

The gametes of spirogyra are ______ and ______.

A

Isogamous, non-flagellated

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8
Q

Gametes of _______ are anisogamous.

A

Eudorina

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9
Q

_____ is a _______ (multi/unicellular) alga, rich in proteins used as food supplement by space travellers.

A

Chlorella, unicellular

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10
Q

Many species of _____, ______ & ______ are among the 70 species of marine algae used as food.

A

Laminaria, sargassum, porphyra.

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11
Q

Members of chlorophyceae have their food stored in the form of ______ that contains _______ & _____, which are located in the ______.

A

Pyrenoids, proteins & starch, chloroplast.

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12
Q

An example of filamentous algae in the class phaeophyceae?

A

Ectocarpus

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13
Q

The vegetative cells of brown algae have a cell wall made up of ______ & ______.

A

Cellulose and algin

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14
Q

The spores in brown algae are _____ shaped and have _____ flagella.

A

Pear (pyriform), two

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15
Q

Red algae are found in greater concentration in ______ areas.

A

Warm

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16
Q

The food in red algae is stored as ______ which is very similar to _______ and ______ in structure.

A

Floridean starch, amylopectin, glycogen

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17
Q

The red algae produce ______ (motile/non-motile) spores and gametes and the gametes are ________. (Oogamous/anisogamous/isogamous/ all)?

A

Non-motile, oogamous

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18
Q

Antherozoids of bryophytes have ______ flagella. (Two, three, four, one)

A

Two

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19
Q

Species of sphagnum provide _____ that has a great capacity to hold water.

A

Peat

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20
Q

_____ along with lichens were the first to colonize rocks.

A

Mosses

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21
Q

Liverworts’ thallus is ______ and have tiny leaf like appendages in _____ (two, three) rows on _____ like structures.

A

Dorsiventral, two, stem

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22
Q

The sporophyte in bryophytes are differentiated in ____, _____ & ______. After meiosis the spores are produced in the _______

A

Foot, seta & capsule.
Capsule.

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23
Q

Example of liverworts?

A

Marchantia

24
Q

The first stage of the gametophyte in mosses is called the _______ stage which directly develops from a ______.

A

Protonema, spore

25
Q

The second stage is called the ______ stage which develops from the _______ (primary/secondary) protonema as a __________.

A

Leafy, secondary, lateral bud

26
Q

The _______ stage bears the sex organs in mosses.

A

Leafy

27
Q

The sporophyte in ______ is more elaborate than that in ______. (Liverworts/mosses)

A

Mosses, liverworts.

28
Q

3 examples of mosses?

A

Funaria, polytrichum, sphagnum

29
Q

______ have microphylls while _____ have macrophylls

A

Selaginella, ferns

30
Q

In some cases, the sporophylls may form distinct compact structures called strobili or cones such as in ____ & _____.

A

Selaginella and equisetum

31
Q

____ & _____ are heterosporous.

A

Selaginella & salvinia

32
Q

Name the four classes of pteridophytes?

A

Psilopsida, lycopsida, sphenopsida, pteropsida

33
Q

Example of psilopsida?

A

Psilotum

34
Q

Example of lycopsida?

A

Lycopodium, selaginella

35
Q

Example of sphenopsida?

A

Equisetum

36
Q

Example of pteropsida?

A

Adiantum, pteris, gryopteris

37
Q

Roots in ______ have fungal associations in the form of mycorrhiza.

A

Pinus

38
Q

The stems of pinus and cedrus is? (Branched/unbranched)

A

Branched

39
Q

The stems of cycas is? (Branched/unbranched)

A

Unbranched

40
Q

Roots in cycas are ______. (Coralloid/tap) and their leaves are ______. (Compound/pinnate)

A

Coralloid, pinnate

41
Q

The male and female strobili maybe on the same tree as in ______ or on different trees as in ______.

A

Pinus, cycas

42
Q

The ovules are borne on _________ in the form of _______ in gymnosperms.

A

Megasporophylls, megasporangium

43
Q

4 examples of gymnosperms?

A

Sequoia, cycas, pinus, ginkgo

44
Q

The smallest angiosperm is _____ and the tallest is _____.

A

Wolffia, eucalyptus

45
Q

The dicotyledons are characterized by ______, _______ & _______.

A

Two cotyledons, reticulate venations, tetramerous/pentamerous flowers.

46
Q

The monocotyledons are characterized by having ______, _____ & ______.

A

One cotyledon, parallel venations, trimerous flowers

47
Q

In angiosperms, each ovule has a _______ that undergoes meiosis to form 4 haploid megaspores. ______ of them degenerate and the remaining divide to form the _______.

A

Megaspore mother cell, three, embryo sac.

48
Q

Each embryo sac has ______, _______, ______ & _______.

A

One egg cell, three antipodal cells, two synergids & two polar nuclei.

49
Q

Two polar nuclei fuse to form a __________.

A

Diploid secondary nucleus

50
Q

The pollen tubes discharge ______ (one, two, three) gamete(s) in the embryo sac.

A

Two

51
Q

One of the gametes discharged fuses with the _________ to form a zygote. The other fuses with the _______ to form _____________.

A

Egg cell, diploid secondary nucleus, triploid primary endosperm nucleus.

52
Q

Since in this process, two fusions occur ie ______ & _______, this event is termed as double fertilisation.

A

Syngamy & triple fusion.

53
Q

Algae such as ____, _____ & ______ are haplontic.

A

Spirogyra, volvox, chlamydomonas

54
Q

_____, an alga is diplontic. ______ & ______ are also diplontic.

A

Fucus, angiosperms & gymnosperms

55
Q

______ & _______ are haplo-diplontic. Some algal genera like _____, ______ & ______ are also haplo-diplontic.

A

Bryophytes & pteridophytes.
Polysiphonia, kelps, ectocarpus

Bio (2 decks)

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