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Class 12 > Plant Growth And Development > Flashcards

Plant Growth And Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy?

A

Photosynthesis

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2
Q

True or False: Plant growth is solely dependent on water availability.

A

False

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The main hormone responsible for plant growth is __________.

A

Auxin

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4
Q

What are the two main types of plant growth?

A

Primary growth and secondary growth

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5
Q

Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for nutrient and water uptake?

A

Roots

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6
Q

True or False: The shoot apical meristem is responsible for the growth in height of a plant.

A

True

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7
Q

What is the term for the process by which plants lose water through their leaves?

A

Transpiration

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8
Q

Name one environmental factor that can influence plant growth.

A

Light, temperature, water, soil nutrients

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9
Q

What is the role of chlorophyll in plants?

A

It captures light energy for photosynthesis.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The two main types of plant tissues are __________ and __________.

A

Meristematic tissue and permanent tissue

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11
Q

Which hormone promotes fruit ripening?

A

Ethylene

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12
Q

What is phototropism?

A

The growth of a plant toward light.

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13
Q

True or False: All plants reproduce sexually.

A

False

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14
Q

What is the main function of the xylem in plants?

A

To transport water and minerals from roots to other parts.

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15
Q

What is the function of phloem in plants?

A

To transport sugars and nutrients produced by photosynthesis.

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16
Q

Which stage of plant development follows germination?

A

Seedling stage

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant.

A

Germination

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18
Q

What is the term for the area of active cell division in plants?

A

Meristem

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19
Q

True or False: Plants can grow in complete darkness.

A

False

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20
Q

What is the role of mycorrhizae in plant growth?

A

They enhance nutrient and water absorption.

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21
Q

Name the three essential nutrients for plant growth.

A

Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

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22
Q

What is the primary role of roots in plants?

A

Anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients.

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23
Q

What is the significance of leaf structure in photosynthesis?

A

Leaves have a large surface area and contain chlorophyll for maximizing light absorption.

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the plant that produces flowers and seeds.

A

Reproductive structure

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25
Q

What is the role of stomata in plants?

A

To regulate gas exchange and transpiration.

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26
Q

True or False: All plants have a vascular system.

A

False

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27
Q

What is apical dominance?

A

The phenomenon where the main central stem of the plant grows more strongly than other side stems.

28
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ is a plant response to gravity.

A

Gravitropism

29
Q

What type of growth occurs at the tips of roots and shoots?

A

Primary growth

30
Q

True or False: Plant cells are generally larger than animal cells.

A

True

31
Q

Which part of the plant is responsible for photosynthesis?

A

Leaves

32
Q

What is the primary function of flowers?

A

Reproduction

33
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ are specialized structures in plants that aid in reproduction.

A

Flowers

34
Q

What is the function of the cuticle in plants?

A

To reduce water loss.

35
Q

What is the term for the period of dormancy in plants?

A

Dormancy

36
Q

True or False: All plants require the same amount of water for optimal growth.

A

False

37
Q

What is the significance of the seed coat?

A

It protects the seed from damage and desiccation.

38
Q

What are the main components of soil that affect plant growth?

A

Minerals, organic matter, water, and air.

39
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ is the phenomenon where plants respond to touch.

A

Thigmotropism

40
Q

What is the role of gibberellins in plant development?

A

They promote stem elongation and seed germination.

41
Q

True or False: High levels of nitrogen can lead to excessive leaf growth at the expense of flowers and fruits.

A

True

42
Q

What is the process of asexual reproduction in plants called?

A

Vegetative propagation

43
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ phase of the plant life cycle follows fertilization.

A

Embryonic

44
Q

What is the role of the endosperm in seeds?

A

To provide nourishment to the developing embryo.

45
Q

Name a factor that can inhibit plant growth.

A

Pests, disease, lack of nutrients, environmental stress

46
Q

What is the term for the ability of a plant to grow in response to light?

A

Phototropism

47
Q

What are plant growth regulators?

A

Chemical substances that influence plant growth and development.

48
Q

True or False: Plant growth regulators can only promote growth.

A

False

49
Q

Name one type of plant growth regulator.

A

Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Abscisic acid, Ethylene.

50
Q

Which plant growth regulator is primarily involved in cell elongation?

A

Auxins

51
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ are known to promote seed germination and stem elongation.

A

Gibberellins

52
Q

What is the role of cytokinins in plants?

A

They promote cell division and shoot formation.

53
Q

True or False: Abscisic acid is involved in the regulation of stomatal closure.

A

True

54
Q

Which plant growth regulator is a gas and promotes fruit ripening?

A

Ethylene

55
Q

What effect do auxins have on apical dominance?

A

They promote apical dominance by inhibiting lateral bud growth.

56
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of gibberellins? A) Stem elongation B) Fruit ripening C) Leaf drop

A

C) Leaf drop

57
Q

What is the primary function of abscisic acid in response to environmental stress?

A

It helps plants conserve water by closing stomata.

58
Q

Fill in the blank: Cytokinins are often used in __________ to promote shoot formation.

A

tissue culture

59
Q

True or False: Ethylene can inhibit leaf senescence.

A

False

60
Q

What is the primary role of auxins in root development?

A

They stimulate root growth and formation.

61
Q

Multiple Choice: Which plant growth regulator is associated with delaying fruit ripening? A) Gibberellins B) Ethylene C) Abscisic acid

A

C) Abscisic acid

62
Q

What is the significance of the balance between auxins and cytokinins?

A

It regulates plant growth and development by influencing cell division and differentiation.

63
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ are used in agriculture to synchronize flowering in some crops.

A

Gibberellins

64
Q

What is one consequence of excessive ethylene production in plants?

A

Premature ripening and senescence.

65
Q

True or False: Gibberellins can be used to increase fruit size.

A

True

66
Q

What is the primary function of plant growth regulators in agriculture?

A

To manipulate plant growth for improved yield and quality.

Class 12 (1 decks)

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