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Plant Taxonomy > Plant Families > Flashcards

Plant Families Flashcards

1
Q

Mint Family

A

Lamiceae

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2
Q

Mint Characteristics

A

square stem, opposite leaves, usually aromatic, irregular flowers, 4 stamen (2 long & 2 short)

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3
Q

Mint Species

A

3500

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4
Q

Spearmint

A

Mentha spicata, Mint family

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5
Q

Peppermint

A

Mentha x piperita, mint family

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6
Q

Basil

A

Ocinum basilicum, mint family

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7
Q

Lavender

A

Lavandula angustifolia, mint family

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8
Q

Marjoram

A

Origanum majorana, mint family

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9
Q

Oregano

A

Origanum vulgare, mint family

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10
Q

Rosemary

A

Salvia rosmarinus, mint family

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11
Q

Thyme

A

Thymus vulgaris, mint family

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12
Q

Sage

A

Salvia officinalis, mint family

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13
Q

Savory

A

Satureja hortensis, mint family

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14
Q

Watermint

A

Mentha aquatica, mint family

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15
Q

Parsley Family

A

Apiaceae

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16
Q

Parsley Characteristics

A

Compound umbels, edible & poisonous, 5 sepals, 5 petals, 5 stamen, Hollow stem, 2 united carpels (2 seed)

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17
Q

Parsley Species

A

3000 Species

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18
Q

Anise

A

Pimpinella anisum, parsley family

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19
Q

Caraway

A

Carum carvi, parsley family

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20
Q

Carrot

A

Daucus carota, parsley family

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21
Q

Celery

A

Parsley family

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22
Q

Chervil

A

Parsley family

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23
Q

Coriander (cilantro)

A

Coriandrum sativum, parsley family

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24
Q

Cumin

A

Parsley family

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25
Q

Dill

A

Anethum graveolens, Parsley family

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26
Q

Fennel

A

Parsley family

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27
Q

Parsley

A

Petroselimum crispum, Parsley family

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28
Q

Mustard Family

A

Brassicaceae (Cruciferaceae)

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29
Q

Mustard Characteristics

A

4 petals with 6 stamen (4 tall, 2 short), possible deeply split petals, radially arranged seed pods (with membrane), mustard-like smell of leaves

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30
Q

Mustard Species

A

3400

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31
Q

Horseradish

A

Armoracia rusticana, Mustard family

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32
Q

Watercress

A

Mustard family

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33
Q

Turnip

A

Brassica rapa var. ruvo, Mustard family

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34
Q

Mustard

A

Brassica juncea, Mustard family

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35
Q

Radish

A

Mustard family

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36
Q

Canola

A

Mustard family

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36
Q

Broccoli

A

Brassica oleracea var. italica, Mustard family

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36
Q

Cauliflower

A

Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Mustard family

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37
Q

Kale

A

Brassica oleracea var. acephala, Mustard Family

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37
Q

Brussel sprouts

A

B. oleracea var. gemmifera, Mustard Family

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38
Q

Rutabaga

A

B. napus var. napobrassica, Mustard family (nois)

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39
Q

Rape

A

B napus var. napus, Mustard family (nois)

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40
Q

Cabbage

A

B oleracea var. capitata, Mustard family (nois)

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41
Q

Chinese kale/broccoli

A

B oleracea var. alboglabra, Mustard family (nois)

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42
Q

Kohlrabi

A

B oleracea var. gongylodes, Mustard family (nois)

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43
Q

Portuguese cabbage

A

B oleracea var. costata, Mustard family (nois)

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44
Q

Savoy cabbage

A

B oleracea var. sabauda, Mustard family (nois)

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45
Q

Bok choi

A

B rapa var chinensis, Mustard family (nois)

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46
Q

Mizuma

A

B rapa var. japonica, Mustard family (nois)

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47
Q

Komatsuma

A

B rapa var. komatsuma, Mustard family (nois)

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48
Q

Rosette pak choi

A

B rapa var. narinosa, Mustard family (nois)

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49
Q

Choi sum

A

B rapa var parachensis, Mustard family (nois)

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50
Q

Chinese cabbage

A

B rapa var. pekinensis, Mustard family (nois)

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51
Q

Rapine

A

B rapa var. ruvo, Mustard family (nois)

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52
Q

Pea Family

A

Fabuceae (Leguminaceae)

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53
Q

Pea Characteristics

A

Irregular flower w/ 5 petals (1 banner, 2 wings, 2 keels), Pea-like pods, Usually 10 stamen (sometimes 5), Nitrogen fixing nodules

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54
Q

Pea Species

A

18,000

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55
Q

Alfalfa

A

Medicago sativa, Pea family

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56
Q

Beans

A

Pea family

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57
Q

Clover (Red Clover)

A

Trifolium pratense, Pea family

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58
Q

Lentils

A

Pea family

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59
Q

Peanut

A

Arachis hypogaea, Pea family

60
Q

Pea

A

Pisum sativum, Pea family

61
Q

Soybean

A

Glycine max, Pea family

62
Q

Lily Family

A

Liliaceae

63
Q

Lily Characteristics

A

3 Petals, 3 Sepals, Showy-flowered monocot, 6 stamen (some lack anthers), Perennial herb with bulb and contractile root

64
Q

Lily Species

A

3700

65
Q

The lilies proper

A

Liliaceae

66
Q

Lily of the valley and Solomon’s seal

A

Convillariaceae

67
Q

Lily of the valley

A

Convallaria majalis, Convillariaceae, Lily family

68
Q

Solomon’s seal

A

Polygonatum biflorum, Convillariaceae, Lily family

69
Q

Bunchflowers

A

Melanthiaceae, Trillium grandiflorum, Lily family

70
Q

Catbriers or greenbriers

A

Smilaceae, Smilax aspera, Lily family

71
Q

Grass Family

A

Poaceae

72
Q

Grass Characteristics

A

Hollow flower stems, Knee-like joints or nodes, Lack showy petals, Usually 3 stamen

73
Q

Grass Species

A

10,000

74
Q

Wheat

A

Triticum aestivum, Grass family

75
Q

Rice

A

Oryza sativa, Grass family

76
Q

Corn

A

Zea mays, Grass family

77
Q

Oats

A

Avena sativa, Grass family

78
Q

Barley

A

Hordeum vulgare, Grass family

79
Q

Rye

A

Secale cereale, Grass family

80
Q

Rose Family

A

Rosaceae

81
Q

Rose Characteristics

A

5 separate petals, Numerous stamen, Often w/ oval and serrated leaves, Alternate leaves

82
Q

Rose Species

A

3000

83
Q

Rose

A

Rose Family

84
Q

Apple

A

Malus spp, Rose family

85
Q

Pear

A

Pyrus spp, Rose family

86
Q

Peach

A

Prunus persica, Rose family

87
Q

Nectarine

A

Rose family

88
Q

Plum

A

Rose family

89
Q

Cherry

A

Prunus avium, Rose family

90
Q

Strawberry

A

Fragaria x ananassa, Rose family

91
Q

Blackberry and Raspberry

A

Rubus spp, Rose family

92
Q

Almond

A

Prunus dulcis, Rose family

93
Q

Aster Family

A

Asteraceae

94
Q

Aster Characteristics

A

Composite flower head, Disk and/or ray flowers, Pitted disk

95
Q

Aster species

A

23,600

96
Q

Lettuce

A

Lactuca sativa, Aster family

97
Q

Artichoke

A

Cynara scolymus, Aster family

98
Q

Endive

A

Chicorium endivia, Aster family

99
Q

Daisy-like flowers

A

ex. Bellis perennis, Aster family

100
Q

Orchid Family

A

Orchidaceae

101
Q

Orchid Characteristics

A

Irregular monocot flower, Distinctly inferior (epigynous) ovary, 3 petals and 3 sepals (green or petal color), Lower petal often modified as sack or spear

102
Q

Orchid species

A

26,000 (#1)

103
Q

Borage Family

A

Boraginaceae

104
Q

Borage Characteristics

A

Hairy plants Flower parts in 5s, 4 nutlets (i.e. flat burs of beggar’s tick), Alternate leaves

105
Q

Borage species (and examples)

A

2700: Houndstongue, Common Viper’s Bugloss, Hoary stoneseed, Menzies’ Fiddleneck, Borage, Italian Bugloss

106
Q

Cactus Family

A

Cactaceae

107
Q

Cactus Characteristics

A

Fleshy stems and spines, Regular flowers, Numerous sepals, petals, and stamens, Native to the Americas

108
Q

Cactus Species (and examples)

A

2000: Peyote, Saguaro, Christmas, Barrel

109
Q

Cattail Family

A

Typhaceae

110
Q

Cattail Characteristics

A

Separate male and female flowers

111
Q

Cattail Species

A

28

112
Q

Cattail Genus

A

Typha (13 species), Sparganium (15 species)

113
Q

Common Cattail

A

Typha latifolia

114
Q

Evening Primrose Family

A

Onagraceae

115
Q

Evening Primrose Characteristics

A

4 sepals, 4 petals, 4 or 8 stamens, 4-parted stigma, Inferior ovary

116
Q

Evening Primrose Species

A

672

117
Q

Figwort Family

A

Scrophulariaceae

118
Q

Figwort Characteristics

A

Ovary with 2 carpels, 4-5 stamens, 4-5 united petals, 4-5 united sepals, Ovary matures as a capsule, Mostly irregular flowers, Usually opposite leaves

119
Q

Figwort species

A

1000

120
Q

Common Mullein

A

Verbascum thapsus, Figwort family

121
Q

Woodland Figwort

A

Scrophularia nodosa, Figwort family

122
Q

Another special thing about the Figwort family

A

4 species recently reclassified out of this family

123
Q

Geranium Family

A

Geraniaceae

124
Q

Geranium Characteristics

A

5/10/15 stamens, 5 petals, 5 sepals, Needle-like pistil, 5-parted stigma, 5-chambered ovary w/ 1-2 seeds per carpel, Ovary matures as a schizocarp (dry fruit that splits at carpel)

125
Q

Geranium Species

A

750

126
Q

Wild Geranium

A

Geranium maculatum, Geranium family

127
Q

Stork’s bill

A

Erodium circutarium

128
Q

Gooseberry Family

A

Grossulariaceae

129
Q

Gooseberry Characteristics

A

2 styles, 5 stamens, 5 small petals, 5 united sepals, Inferior positioned ovary, Palmately lobed leaves (usually with 5 main veins), Alternate leaves

130
Q

Gooseberry Species and Genus

A

200 species: Ribes spp.

131
Q

Gourd Family

A

Cucurbitaceae

132
Q

Gourd Characteristics

A

Vining with tendrils, Yellow/white unisexual flowers, Inferior positioned ovary

133
Q

Gourd Species

A

850

134
Q

Creeping cucumber

A

Melothria pendula, Gourd family

135
Q

Wild Cucumber

A

Echinocystis lobata, Gourd family

136
Q

Buffalo Gourd

A

Cucurbita foetidissima, Gourd family

137
Q

Grape Family

A

Vitaceae

138
Q

Grape Characteristics

A

4-5 petals, often united at tip, 4-5 small sepals, Petals may fall away as the flower opens, 4-5 stamens, Superior ovary w/ 2 chambers, Vining plants w/ tendrils and berry clusters

139
Q

Grape Species

A

800

140
Q

Wild Grape

A

Vitis riparia, Grape family

141
Q

Heath

A

Ericaceae

142
Q

Heath Characteristics

A

4-5 united sepals, 4-5 united petals (urn/bell-shaped), 2x as many stamens as petals (sometimes 1x), Usually evergreen leaves

143
Q

Heath Species

A

4000

144
Q

Sheep Laurel

A

Kalmia angustifolia, Heath family

145
Q

Manzanita

A

Arctostaphylos manzanita, Heath family

146
Q

Blueberry

A

Vaccinium corymbosum, Heath family

147
Q

Dwarf Huckleberry

A

Vaccinium scoparium, Heath family

148
Q

Mallow Family

A

Malvaceae

149
Q

Mallow Characteristics

A

Mucilaginous plants and flowers, Numerous stamens fused into central column, Alternate leaves, Palmately lobed with 5 petals and sepals

150
Q

Mallow species and examples

A

4200: Cacao (cocoa), Basswood, Okra, Cotton, Hibiscus, Hollyhock

Plant Taxonomy (1 decks)

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