Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

R2114 - Protected Environments > Plant Examples > Flashcards

Plant Examples Flashcards

1
Q

Decorative Pot Plants
Cyclamen persicum (Persian Cyclamen)
Description

A

-Grown from a tuber
-Well suited to display in a conservatory or cool windowsill in winter and spring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Decorative Pot Plants
Cyclamen persicum (Persian Cyclamen)
Propagation and Establishment

A

-Soak seeds overnight (12 hours) to soften seed coat and aid germination
-Sow in seed trays or modules filled with seed compost in August and cover with grit to exclude light
-Pot on into 7.5 cm pots with soil based peat free compost once large enough to handle
- Will take 1 1/2 years to flower if grown from seed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Decorative Pot Plants
Cyclamen persicum (Persian Cyclamen)
Maintenance

A

-Temperature of around 13 – 15° C
-Water from beneath to avoid wetting tuber
-Place in bright, indirect light
-Likes humidity so mist occasionally
-Cover pot with gravel to reatin moisture
-Stand pot in tray of water to create humid microclimate
-Keep compost moist and feed every 2 weeks
-When plant dies back keep compost almost dry and store somewhere cool while dormant
-Repot in summer before it begins to grow in 13 cm pot with soil based peat free compost
- don’t fully cover tuber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Decorative Pot Plants
Cyclamen persicum (Persian Cyclamen)
Pests

A

Vine Weevil
- larvae live in compost and feed on roots and tuber
-check pot for grubs by gently knocking plant out of pot
-treat with nematode worms (biocontrol) that burrow into larvae and kill them
-keep protected structure free from debris that harbour adult beetles
-regualrly monitor for adults and larvae

Scariad Fly / Fungus Gnat
- larvae live on organic matter in compost
- damage young roots and can carry fungal spores
- cover with gravel or grit to keep adult from laying eggs in compost
- don’t overwater to discourage egg laying in compost
- use sticky traps
-biocontrol with Hypoaspis mites
-repot infested plants

Cylamen mite and red spider mite
- raise humidity to discourage mites
- remove distorted leaves infested with mites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Decorative Pot Plants
Cyclamen persicum (Persian Cyclamen)
Diseases

A

Grey mould caused by Botyris
-stems and flowers go brown and collapse developing grey fluffy growth
-increase air circulation
-remove dead leaves and flowers
-water from beneath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Decorative Pot Plants
Cyclamen persicum (Persian Cyclamen)
Disorders

A

yellowing of leaves sign of overwatering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cut Flowers
Chrysanthemum x morifolium
Description

A
  • variety of flowerhead types
  • grown both as pot plants and cut flowers

Cut flowers
= annuals
= decorative varieties with medium to large blooms
=propagated from cuttings in spring
= early-flowering (outdoor) and late-flowering (greenhouse Otober to December)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cut Flowers
Chrysanthemum x morifolium
Propagation and establishment

A
  • softwood cuttings from new shoots early in growing season
  • take cuttings close to base of stool
  • trim cuttings to 5 – 10cm below a node
  • remove lower leaves to leave 5 or so at tip of stem
  • dip base of cuttings in rooting hormone powder to encourage rooting
  • Insert cuttings into cuttings compost and place in propagator at 10°C
  • should root in a few weeks
  • transfer new plants into 7 - 9cm pots and pot on as they grow
  • Final 20cm pot in May
  • Use healthy pest free porpagation materials and observe good hygiene
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cut Flowers
Chrysanthemum x morifolium
Maintenance

A
  • support with a cane and tie in as it grows
  • water regularly
  • feed with liquid feed every 7 - 10 days until buds are nearly fully developed
  • late flowering Chrysanthemums can be put outside in summer and brought under cover over winter
  • after plant dies back trim stems to hand length in height and remove all leaves
  • lift out of pot removing compost and trimming any straggly roots
  • place stools in trays of damp compost in cool frost free environment (unheated greenhouse or insulated cold frame)
  • do not water again until new shoots appear
  • new shoots can be used to porpagate new plants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cut Flowers
Chrysanthemum x morifolium
Florists techniques

A

Stopping
in midsummer brings forward flowering and increases bloom size

Stopping = removal of growing tips to stimulate early growth of flower bearing side shoots (breaks)

Disbudding = after stopping removal of all lateral buds and shoots on a stem to produce single stemmed superbloom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cut Flowers
Chrysanthemum x morifolium
Pests Diseases and disorders

A

Aphids
-screen vents with mesh to prevent winged aphids
- companion planting with Allium sativum (garlic)
- remove infested leaves and squash aphids colonies with your fingers
- two spot ladybird is native biocontrol

Chrysanthemum white rust
- pale yellow spots on leaf
- pale brown or white spore structures on underside of leaf
- caused by fungus
- lower quality blooms and unsightly foliage
- remove infected leaves immediately and destroy
- treat with tebuconazole fungicide
-
-

Chrysanthemum are also prone to glasshouse red spider mite, Chrysanthemum eelworm and Botrytis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bedding Plants
Impatiens walleriana
Description

A
  • popular bedding plant in a variety of colours
  • a perennial groen as an annual
  • propagated from seed (very fine seed)
  • will grow in full sun, partial shade or shade
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bedding Plants
Impatiens walleriana
Propagation and Establishment

A
  • use fresh good quality seed stored in cool conditions
  • sow thinly over seed tray fiiled with fine seed compost
  • require light to germinate so do not cover or cover very lightly
  • water with a very fine rose or soak in a watering tray to avoid disturbing seed
  • cover and keep at 18°C out of direct sunlight
  • remove cover once seeds have germinated
  • thin out overcrowded seedlings to ensure good health
  • prick out into cell trays once large enough to handle and plant in hole to depth just above cotyledons
  • harden off and plant out after risk of frost has passed
  • plant into containers with moisture retentive but free draining medium or into beds 25 cm apart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bedding Plants
Impatiens walleriana
Maintenance

A
  • keep soil moist but don’t overwater
  • stopping (picnhing out shoot tips every few weeks) will increase the number of buds
  • deadheading will prolong flowering
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bedding Plants
Impatiens walleriana
Pests and Diseases

A

Pests
- glasshouse whitefly
- red spider mites
- aphids

Downy mildew
- fungus like organsism
-causes yellowing of leaves, leaf loss and death in wet weather
-no treatment available
-remove and destroy infected plants
- don’t grow in beds where infected plants have grown for at least a year
- grow resistant cultivars

Botyris
- affects flower buds, leaves and fleshy stems
- ensure adequate spacing and air circulations
- remove infected material

Damping off
- caused by fungi
- seed stems rot and dies off
- adequate spacing of seeds and remove cover once germinated to imrpove air circulation
-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bulbs
Narcissus ‘Tete a Tete’
Description

A
  • dwarf daffodil ideal for indoor display in pots in greenhouses, conservatories and windowsills
  • can be forced to flower in early spring
  • expose to a dark a chilled period then bring on in a warmer, light environment
17
Q

Bulbs
Narcissus ‘Tete a Tete’
Propagation and Establishment

A
  • or divide from established bulbs
  • lift existing clumps and remove offsets
  • small offsets may need groing on for 1 or two years in pots in a protected environment
  • reject soft or spongy bulbs that might have bulb rot
  • plant in early October in well moistened bulb fibre compost
  • arrange bulbs close together but not touching with bulb crowns above medium
  • place in a cool (4 - 5°C) dark place for 3 months
  • keep compost moist but not over wet
  • when shoots are 3-5 cm high move to cool position (10°C) in indirect sunlight
  • ## when leaves are green move to display position (close to window, 16°C optimum will tolerate 15-20°C)
18
Q

Bulbs
Narcissus ‘Tete a Tete’
Maintenance

A
  • erratic watering = bud fail to open
  • overwatering will cause bulb rot
  • water consistantly
  • turn pot to ensure even growth
  • deadhead after flowering and continue to water untill leaves die back
  • remove dead foliage and store bulbs in a cool dry place
  • if stroing outdoors, store in sand or gravel for extra protection
  • can’t use for second display so plant out bulbs in garden in autumn
19
Q

Bulbs
Narcissus ‘Tete a Tete’
Pests, diseases and disorders

A
  • red spider mite
  • sciarid fly
  • narcissus fly larvae (ususally only outdoors)

Daffodil basal rot
- caused by fungus
- particular issue for stored bulbs
- whitish fingal growth bween sacles and on basal plat
- bulbs look mummified
-planted bulbs foliage turns yellow and bulb neck rots
- discard infected bulbs
- use resistant cultivars
- don’t plant in ground where infected bulbs have grown

Daffodil blindness
- bulbs fail to flower
- caused by unsuitable environmental conditions
- overcrowding, dry soil, lack of nutrients, removing green foliage after flowering
- can be caused by pests and diseases
-

20
Q

Edilble crops
Solanum lycopersum (Tomato)
Description

A
  • commonly grown as a salad crop
  • tender perennial grown as annual
  • bush / cordon varieties
  • minumum temperature 16°C but do best at 21 and 24°C
  • tolerate fairly acidic to neutral soils
  • heavy feeders
21
Q

Edible crops
Solanum lycopersum (Tomato)
Disadvantages to growing indoors

A
  • more prone to disorders caused by environmental conditions and glasshouse pests
  • light levels lower than outside (can compensate with supplemental lighting)
  • increased cost and equipment required
  • more watering needed
  • lack of pollinators (commercial greenhouses use bumblebee colonies)
22
Q

Edible crops
Solanum lycopersum (Tomato)
Propagation and Establishment

A
  • sow seed in trays (broadcast 200 - 250 per tray) or in modules with seed compost
  • cover to 2cm with compost or vermiculite
  • maintain at 18°C
  • sow Jan / Feb in heated propagator or greenhouse
    -sow Feb / Mar in unheated greenhouse
  • use sterile compost and good hygiene
  • once first true leaves appear prick out into 7.5 - 9 cm pots with multipurpse compost
  • when flowers on first truss starting to open pot into final pot/position
  • 40 apart in beds
  • 2-3 plants per growbag
  • dig hole big enough for root bole, backfill firm in and water in well
  • keep well watered
23
Q

Edible crops
Solanum lycopersum (Tomato)
Maintenance

A

Cordon Tomatoes
- stake and tie in or grow around a vertically hung string
- pinch out side shoots from leaf axils
- pinch out growing tip once plant has several trusses two leaves above topmost truss

Bush tomatoes may need staking but not pinching out as fruits are produced from growing tips

  • keep well watered and water from bottom to prevent blight
  • ## feed fortnightly until fruit starts to set then once a week with high potatssium fertiliser
24
Q

Edible crops
Solanum lycopersum (Tomato)
Pests and Diseases

A

Glasshouse Whitefly
- suck sap and transfer diseases like tabacco mosaic virus
-control with sticky traps, prasitoid wasps,

Red Spider Mite
- pierce plant cells and suck out contents
- leaves mottle then yellow or bronze and fall of and die
- spin webbing on plants
- control by misting, predatory mite supplied in vermiculite

Fungal diseases
- damping off, stem rot
- control by good hygeine, air circulation, lowering humidity

Disorders
- blossom end rot caused by lack of calcium due to erratic watering
- water regularljy and consistently

other pests: leaf minors, thrips, caterpillars, aphids

R2114 - Protected Environments (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions