plant diversity Flashcards
what is a botanical berry?
A berry is a fleshy fruit without a stone produced from a single flower, containing one ovary.
Give three examples of botanical berries
- cucumber
- tomatoes
- bananas
what is an adventitious root?
its a root that comes from an organ other than the root, so a leaf or a stem.
what is a botanical nut?
a hard shelled pod that has both the fruit and the seeds inside.
3 examples of botanical nuts?
hazelnut
acorn
chestnut
what is floral formulae
a way of representing the structure of a flower by using various numbers and symbols
what is asexual reproduction
offspring arise from a single organism, no fusion of gametes
what is sexual reproduction
Two gametes fuse together, involving a female’s large egg and a male’s smaller sperm
2 examples of asexual reproducing plants
strawberries
daffodils
2 examples of plants that reproduce sexually
peas
beans
how has conventional plant breeding changed crops?
they found dwarf species shortly after the war that were higher yielding. bred this trait into other varieties of wheat
what are GM crops
they are crops that have been genetically modified to introduce a new trait. such as disease resistance
how have plants changed due to domestication
they are now more susceptible to disease/pests because they are now grown on very large scales and sprays are becoming less effective
3 examples of non botanical nuts
walnut
almonds
brazil nuts
why are walnuts not a botanical nut?
because the shell opens to release the seed
