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PLANT PATHOLOGY > PLANT DISEASE DIAGNOSIS > Flashcards

PLANT DISEASE DIAGNOSIS Flashcards

1
Q

Identification of diseases based on symptoms and signs

A

Plant Disease Diagnosis

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2
Q

Manifestation or expression of a plant as a result of disease

A

Symptom

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3
Q

A pathogen or parts of a pathogen found on the host plant

A

Sign

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4
Q

Expressed as physiological or structural changes in a limited area of the tissues of the host

A

Local symptoms

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5
Q

Examples of Local symptoms

A

galls, spots, cankers

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6
Q

Examples of Systemic symptoms

A

dwarfing, wilting, yellowing, mosaic

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7
Q

Primary symptoms

A

Direct result of pathogen activity on the invaded tissues

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8
Q

Secondary symptoms

A

Physiological effects on distant and uninvaded organs

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9
Q

Macroscopic symptoms

A

Expressions of the disease in the plant or in its parts that can be studied with the unaided eye

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10
Q

Microscopic symptoms

A

Expressions of disease in cell structure or arrangement that can be studied only under the microscope

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11
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Plant overgrowth due to increased cell division

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12
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Plant overgrowth due to abnormal cell enlargement

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13
Q

Rosette

A

short, bunchy habit of plant growth

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14
Q

Stem-pitting

A

Characterized by depressions on the stem of the plant

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15
Q

Bunchy

A

leaves progressively becomes dwarfed, upright and bunched at the top of the plant

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16
Q

Stunt

A

reduction in size and vigour

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17
Q

Yellowing / Chlorosis

A

discoloration of normally green tissue due to chlorophyll destruction or failure of chlorophyll formation

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18
Q

Witches’ broom

A

broomlike growth or massed proliferation caused by the dense clustering of branches of woody plants

19
Q

Enation

A

tissue malformation or overgrowth induced by certain virus infections

20
Q

Scab

A

roughened, crust-like diseased area on the surface of a plant organ; a disease in which such areas form

21
Q

Tumor

A

uncontrolled overgrowth of tissue or tissues

22
Q

Gall

A

swelling or overgrowth produced on a plant as a result of infection by certain pathogens

23
Q

Smut

A

characterized by masses of dark, powdery and sometimes odorous spores

24
Q

Wilt

A

loss of rigidity and drooping of plant parts generally caused by insufficient water in the plant

25
Q

Damping-off

A

destruction of seedlings near the soil line, resulting in the seedlings failing over on the ground

26
Q

Dieback

A

progressive death of shoots, branches, and roots generally starting at the tip

27
Q

Anthracnose

A

black and sunken leaf, stem or fruit lesions caused by a fungus

28
Q

Blight

A

general and rapid killing of leaves, flowers, and stems

29
Q

Shot-hole

A

small, diseased fragments of leaves fall off and leave holes in their space

30
Q

Blotch

A

large, and irregular in shape, spots, or blots on leaves, flowers and stems

31
Q

Canker

A

necrotic, often sunken lesion on a leaf, fruit stem, branch, or twig of a plant

32
Q

Spot

A

self-limiting lesion on leaves or other parts of the plant

33
Q

Mummification

A

drying and shrivelling of fruit

34
Q

Rot

A

softening, discoloration and often disintegration of succulent plant tissue as a result of fungal or bacterial infection

35
Q

Soft rot

A

rot of fleshy fruit, vegetable or ornamental in which the tissue becomes macerated by tbe enzymes of the pathogen

36
Q

Ringspot

A

circular area of chlorosis with a green center; a symptom of many virus diseases

37
Q

Mottle

A

irregular pattern of indistinct light and dark areas

38
Q

Mosaic

A

intermingled patches of normal and light green or yellowish color

39
Q

Signs of Fungi

A

spores, pustules, sclerotial bodies, mycelia, mildew (powdery / downy)

40
Q

Mildew

A

mycelium and spores of the fungus are seen as whitish growth on the surface of leaves, stems, and fruits

41
Q

Powdery mildew

A

Whitish growth on the upper side of the leaf surface

42
Q

Downy mildew

A

Whitish growth on the underside of the leaf surface

43
Q

Signs of Bacteria

A

bacterial ooze

44
Q

Signs of Nematodes

A

egg mass, cysts/pearls (cyst nematodes), juvenile and adult nematodes

PLANT PATHOLOGY (3 decks)

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