Plant Defences Against Disease Flashcards
What are examples of physical defences in plants?
waxy cuticle, cellulose cell walls, bark on trees
What are examples of chemical defences in plants?
antibacterial chemicals, poisons
What are examples of mechanical defences in plants?
thorns & hairs, leaves that droop or curl, mimicry
How does a waxy cuticle defend a plant? And how could a pathogen still enter?
it provides a physical barrier to stop pathogens entering but they could still enter through the stomata on the underside of a leaf
How does a cellulose cell wall defend a plant?
it provides another physical barrier against pathogens if they make it past the waxy cuticle
What is bark and how can bark defend a plant?
The bark is a layer of dead cells on the outside of the stems which form a protective layer that us hard for pathogens to penetrate
How do antibacterial chemicals defend a plant?
they kill bacteria
How do poisons defend a plant?
they deter herbivores from eating them as the poison would make them ill
How do thorns defend a plant?
they make it unpleasant/painful for larger animals to eat them
How do hairs defend a plant?
they deter insects or larger animals from feeding on them or laying eggs on the stem or leaves
How does mimicry defend a plant?
it makes the plant look like other organisms, to scare away threats, or look diseased so animals do not eat them.
How does the passion flower use mimicry?
it has bright yellow spots on its leaves that look like butterfly eggs which stops other butterflies from laying their eggs
How does several species of plant in the ‘ice plant family’ use mimicry?
they look like stones and pebble so other organisms do not eat them.
How can plants get non-communicable disease?
mineral ion deficiency’s
Name three mineral ion deficiency’s.
Nitrates, magnesium and potassium
