Plant Cells

Question 1

Are plant cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic? (1)

Answer 1

Eukaryotic (DNA enclosed in the nucleus)

Question 2

What is the most destinctive structure in plabt cells (2)

Answer 2

The cell wall outside cell membrane, forms an outer lining

Question 3

What is the cell wall made up of (1)

Answer 3

Cellulose

Question 4

True or False: (1)

All cells have a cell wall

Answer 4

False, only plant cells

Question 5

What is the FUNCTION of a cell wall (1)

Answer 5

Provide support and rigidity

Question 6

Name the 3 cell wall layers (3)

Answer 6

• cell wall
• secondary cell wall
• middle lamella

Question 7

What is the function of the outside cell membrane (3)

Answer 7

• rigidity
• strength
• protection against mechanical stress and infection

Question 8

WHAT IS the cell membrane (3)

Answer 8

• the outer boundary of the cell
• encloses the cytoplasm and organelles of the cell
• the plant cell is inside the membrane

Question 9

What is the FUNCTION of the cell membrane (2)

Answer 9

It’s semi-premeable, it allows certain things that are needed in and blocks others out

Question 10

What do chloroplasts look like (3)

Answer 10

• an elongated/disc shaped organelle containing chlorophyll
• it’s 2 membrane and its structure looks like a stack of coins
• flattened structures

Question 11

What is the FUNCTION of chloroplasts (1)

Answer 11

• they allow photosynthesis

Question 12

What is chlorophyll (2)

Answer 12

• a green pigment that obsorbs sunlight energy to make food

- it turns light energybinto chemical energy

Question 13

What are the FUNCTIONS of the vacuole (4)

Answer 13

• known as cell storage center (main function)
• secretion
• excretion
• storage

Question 14

WHAT IS a vacuole (2)

Answer 14

• in plant cells there is a large membrane bound chamber = vacuole
• in the cytoplasm of most cells

Question 15

What is the tonoplast (1)

Answer 15

A vacuole surrounded by a membrane

Question 16

WHAT IS the Golgi complex (3)

Answer 16

• golgi bodies look like tge endoplasmic reticulum
• it’s near the nucleus
• almost in all eukaryotic cells

Question 17

what is the FUNCTION of golgi complex (2)

Answer 17

• the package center

- to procces and package macromolecules synthesized from other parts of the cell

Question 18

WHAT IS a ribosome (3)

Answer 18

• the smallest and most abundant cell organelle
• made up of RNA and protein
• found in all cells as protein is needed for survival

Question 19

What is the FUNCTION of ribosomes (1)

Answer 19

• sites for protein synthesis

- protein factories

Question 20

WHAT IS the edomplasmic Reticulum (ER) [3]

Answer 20

• a membrane compartment
• flattened sacs side by side
• a large network interconnecting membrane tunnels

Question 21

What are the 2 types of ER (2)

Answer 21

• Rough ER with ribosomes on the outside

- Smooth ER

Question 22

What are the 2 different FUNCTIONS of the ER (2)

Answer 22

• rough: protein manufacturerer and transport in cell

- smooth: site of hormone + lipid (fat) manufacture

Question 23

WHAT IS the mitochondria

Answer 23

• surrounded by 2 membranes

Question 24

What is the FUNCTION of the mitochondria (4)

Answer 24

• power plants
• converts glucose into enrgy molecules (ATP)
• process their own DNA
• helps with duplication and multiplication

Question 25

WHAT IS the cytoplasm and its FUNCTION (3)

Answer 25

• it’s a jelly like substance inside the cell membrane
• supports the cell organelles
• prevents busting and shrinking of cell

Question 26

WHAT IS the nucleus (2)

Answer 26

• it’s bound by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope
• most genetic material is organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules

Question 27

What is the nucleus FUNCTION (

Answer 27

• controle center
• it directs all activities of the cell
• helps form protein

Question 28

What is the porous membrane (2)

Answer 28

• Allows the passage of substances

- a distinctive characteristic of eukaryotic cells

Question 29

What does the chromatic network in the nucleus do (

Answer 29

• it unwinds to form DNA
• futher wind up to form chromosomes
• the DNA is also carried to the hereditary characteristics of the organisms