Plant Cell Structure extra

Question 0

Starch and glycogen are both energy stores, what is the difference between them?

Answer 0

Starch in plants

Glycogen in animals

Question 1

A leaf palisades main role is to carry out photosynthesis, what are its main features?

Answer 1

Long, thin cells that form a continuous layer to absorb sunlight

Numerous chloroplasts that arrange themselves in best positions to collect maximum amount of light

Large vacuole that pushes the cytoplasm and chloroplasts to edge of cell

Question 2

What is a chloroplast envelope?

Answer 2

Double plasma membrane that surrounds the organelle. It’s highly selective in what it allows to enter/leave chloroplast

Question 3

What are grana?

Answer 3

Stacks of disk like structures called thylakoids. Within these are the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll. The first stage of photosynthesis takes place here

Question 4

In what ways are chloroplasts adapted to their functions?

Answer 4

Granal membranes provide a large surface area for the attachment of electron carriers and enzymes that carry out the first stage of photosynthesis

Fluid of stroma possesses all enzymes needed to carry out the second stage of photosynthesis

Contain both DNA and ribosomes so can quickly and easily manufacture proteins needed for photosynthesis

Question 5

What are the main functions of the cellulose cell wall?

Answer 5

Provide mechanical strength - prevents cells bursting under the pressure created by osmotic entry of water

Allow water to pass along it so contribute to movement of water through plant