Plant cell structure

Question 1

vacuole

Answer 1

contains cell sap and keeps cell turgid when water enters by osmosis

Question 2

tonoplast

Answer 2

the membrane around the vacuole

Question 3

chloroplast

Answer 3

site of photosynthesis

Question 4

amyloplast

Answer 4

storage of starch

Question 5

pit

Answer 5

area of very thin cell wall which helps movement of substances between cells

Question 6

plasmodesma

Answer 6

allows movement of dissolved substances directly from one cell to another without having to pass through a cell membrane

Question 7

3 similarities between plant and animal cells

Answer 7

1. have a nucleus
2. membrane-bound organelles
3. linear DNA

Question 8

3 differences between plant and animals cell

Answer 8

1. plant cell wall is made of cellulose
2. plants contains chloroplasts
3. plants have pits and plasmodesma

Question 9

cellulose structure and function

Answer 9

has a high tensile strength because;
- made of beta glucose
- joined by 1-4 glycosidic bonds
- molecules are unbranched
- straight chains
- compacted
- hydrogen bonds from between molecules
- insoluble in water due to its large size

Question 10

starch structure and function

Answer 10

good storage for glucose because;
- made of alpha glucose
- 1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds
- amylopectin in branched
- insoluble in water so has no affect on osmosis