plant cell signaling Flashcards

1
Q

function of the xylem

A

transports water and inorganics up from roots

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2
Q

function of the phloem

A

transports soluble organic compounds down

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3
Q

apical meristem

A

growth region

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4
Q

functions of auxin

A

cell expansion, meristem formation and promotes apical dominance

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5
Q

functions of cytokinin

A

promotes cell division, delays senescence, suppresses apical dominance and promotes abscission

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6
Q

apical dominance

A

main central stem of the plant is more dominant than the lateral branches

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7
Q

functions of Gibberellin

A

promotes germination, promotes cell expansion, promotes vegetative to floral transition

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8
Q

functions of Brassinosteroids

A

promotes cell expansion, promotes vascular differentiation, promotes senescence and suppresses defense response

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9
Q

functions of jasmonic acid

A

herbivory defense signal, abiotic stress and is volatile so can signal to other plants

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10
Q

functons of strigolactone

A

shoot branching, abiotic stress and mycorrhizal fungi attractant

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11
Q

what are the 4 perception mechanisms for plant hormones

A

1) Ubiquitination
2) histidine kinase
3) PP2C modulation
4) receptor kinase

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12
Q

how is Auxin perceived through E3 ubiquitin ligase

A

Direct molecular glue - bind directly to ubiquitin ligase then to transcriptional regulator which is then degraded

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13
Q

how is gibberellin perceived through E3 ubiquitin ligase

A

indirect molecular glue - they are perceived by a receptor, the receptors confirmation changes upon binding forming a new binding site for DELLA transcription factor. DELLA binds to GA and is recognized by an other F-box protein which then finally leads to the ubiquitylation of DELLA .

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14
Q

how are strigolactones perceived through E3 ubiquitin ligase

A

allosteric effect - They bind to D14 enzyme which slowly degrades it until its conformation changes
the conformational change recruits F-box protein
this recruits transcriptional factor which is then degraded

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15
Q
A
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