Plant cell organisation

Question 1

Function of chromosomes

Answer 1

Contains chromosomes made of DNA molecules
and is usually found in pairs of 23

Question 2

Give the order of these parts cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Answer 2

it’s already in order

Question 3

Role of the pancreas and the salivary gland in the digestive system

Answer 3

Both are glands which produces enzymes

Question 4

what is metabolism?

Answer 4

the sum of all reactions in a cell or organism

Question 5

what types of metabolic reactions do enyzmes do?

Answer 5

breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones e.g carbs to glucose, changing molecules e.g glucose to fructose

Question 6

where are carbohydrase, protease, lipases produced in the body?

Answer 6

Carbohydrase (amylase) made in the salivary glands panreas
protease- stomach, pancreas and small intestine
lipasase- pancreas and small intestine

Question 7

How is the waxy cuticle layer suited for it’s function?

Answer 7

Is a physical barrier against bugs, waxy layer helps to reduce water loss from the leaf

Question 8

How are palisade mesophyll cells adapted for there funciton?

Answer 8

lots of cholorpasts which allow for as much photosythnesis as possible

Question 9

How is the spongy mesophyll layer adapted?

Answer 9

lots of air spaces which allow for gases to diffuse in and out

Question 10

How is the xylem adapted for it’s function?

Answer 10

The walls are made up of dead cells makes a hollow tube for water and mineral ions through the stem
strenghend my lignin which makes it stronger
Has pits to allow minerals to be taken to different places around the plant

Question 11

How is the pholem adapted for function?

Answer 11

Made up of elongated cells, these cells have sieve plates so sap can moves through these plates into other cells , sieve plates have few organelle’s to allow for effiecent transport

Question 12

How is meristem tissue adapted?

Answer 12

it’s cells can differentiate into different parts which allows the cells to grow

Question 13

How are root hair cells adapted?

Answer 13

Large surface area maximieses absorption, lots of mitrochindria to allow for active transport energy

Question 14

what is translocation?

Answer 14

Movement of sugars from the leaves to other parts of the plant

Question 15

what is transpiration?

Answer 15

is the evaporation of water loss from the stomata letting co2 in

Question 16

How are stomta adapted for there function?

Answer 16

stomata allows the control of gas exchange and water loss from the leaf more stomata on the base of leaf as this minimises water loss as it is cooler and shaded
also have guard cells which control when they open and close

Question 17

How does transpiration work?

Answer 17

water evaporated from the leaf surface via stomata, more water is pulled from the xylem which means more water is absorbed in the soil via the roots creating a transpiration stream

Question 18

How does temperature effect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 18

by increasing temp increases transpiratio, higher rate of evaporation and diffusion of water therefore rate of transpiration is increased

Question 19

how does humidity affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 19

Increasing humidity decreases rate of transpiration
high humidity will decreases the water concentration gradient the rate of evaporation will decreases, with no water leaving the leaf none will be absorped leaving to less transpiration

Question 20

How does wind affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 20

Increasing wind movement will increase the rate of transpiration
this will lower the water concentration outside of the leaf. this creates a steep concentration gradient leading the water inside of the leaf to go towards the lower concentration leading to more transpiration

Question 21

How does light intensity increase the rate of transpiration?

Answer 21

more light means the rate of photosythsis increases so more stomata open . This allows the rate of transpiration to increase, as the rate of evaporation also increases