PLANT biology Flashcards
What is plant biology
Botany, also called plant science(s), plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life
How many kinds of living organisms in the biosphere
At least 5 millions
Key notes
Traditionally, the term plants was used for a wide variety of organisms
including the algae and fungi, but now modern botanists confine the term
to mosses, ferns, cone-bearing plants/conifers and flowering plants,
How many groups members of the plant kingdom
There are 3 MAIN categories
How many groups members of the plant kingdom
Non-vascular plants, i.e. mosses and their relatives (Byrophytes)
* Seedless vascular plants, i.e. ferns and their relatives (Pteridophytes)
* Seed plants, i.e. cone-bearing plants (Gymnosperms) and flowering
plants (Angiosperms
what are non vascular plants eg bryophytes
Non-vascular plants are plants without a vascular system consisting of xylem and phloem.
Example of plants that lack vascular systems
Brophytes and Algae
What are seedless vascular plants
Seedless vascular plants are plants that contain vascular tissue, but do not produce flowers or seeds. In seedless vascular plants, such as ferns and horsetails, the plants reproduce using haploid, unicellular spores instead of seeds.
Examples of seedless vascular plants
Ferns and Pteridophytes
What are seed plants
a plant that produces seeds, as opposed to one that produces spores.
Examples of seed plants
cone-bearing plants (Gymnosperms) e.g Common types of gymnosperms are conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, and gnetophytes and flowering
plants (Angiosperms) eg examples of Angiosperms include roses, lilies, Broccoli, kale, Petunias, Eggplant, Tomato, Peppers and sugarcanes.
what is biosphere
the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the earth or another planet occupied by living organisms.
The biosphere is made up of the parts of Earth where life exists. The biosphere extends from the deepest root systems of trees, to the dark environment of ocean trenches, to lush rainforests and high mountaintops. Scientists describe Earth in terms of spheres.
Which discipline that deals with the classification
of living things
TAXONOMY
What is taxonomy
It’s a discipline that deals with classification of living things
When did the practice of referring to organisms by Latin names began
It began in MIDDLE AGES around 5th and 15th CENTURIES
why latin
Because LATIN WAS THE LANGUAGE OF SCOLARSHIP(LEARNING)
Initially how were organisms grouped
Initially, organisms were grouped into genera (singular:
genus) and were then identified by descriptive Latin
phrase names, known as polynomials.
KEY NOTES
BY THE END OF 17TH CENTURY THE FIRST WORD IN SUCH A POLYNOMIAL WAS WIDELY ACCEPTED to designate the name of
the group, or genus, to which an organism belonged.
ROSE
phrases describing the different kinds of roses began with the genus name Rosa
oak trees
all oak trees were identified
with polynomials beginning with the word Quercus
willows
Willows were identified with the polynomials with the word Salix
Who introduce and when the SIMPLER SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
18th century ,Swedish professor and
naturalist, Carolus Linnaeus
Carolus Linnaeus 1753
He had a 2 volume publication called SPECIE PLANTARUM that contained analytical descriptions of every known specie of plant at that time
What did Carolus Linnaeus added to his publication
, he entered a single word which, together with the
generic name, formed a convenient “shorthand”
designation for the species
Genera and polynomials
- Initially, organisms were grouped into genera and were then identified by descriptive Latin
phrase names, known as polynomials.
