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Biology > Plant And Animal Tissues > Flashcards

Plant And Animal Tissues Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are tissues?

A

A group of similar cells performing a specific function.

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of plant tissues?

A

Meristematic and Permanent

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3
Q

Where are lateral and apical meristematic tissues found?

A

lateral: below bark for growth in dia of stem.
apical: at tips of roots and stem and young leaves near stem tips and tips of axillary buds.

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4
Q

what are characteristics of meristematic tissue?

A

thin cell wall, small and cubical, large nucleus, no vacuole, no cell space, actively dividing.

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of permanent tissue?

A

cells do not divide, take a permanent shape for a function.

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of permanent protective tissue?

A

thick cell wall, on surface of roots stems and leaves

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7
Q

What are examples of protective permanent tissue?

A

epidermis of leaf, cork cells of bark

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of supportive tissue?

A

Parenchyma, Sclerenchyma, Collenchyma

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of collenchyma?

A

cell wall thickens at corners, cells are elongated

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10
Q

what is the location and function of collenchyma?

A

in leaf stalks, below leaf epidermis
supports parts of plant.

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of Sclerenchyma?

A

very thick cell wall due to deposited lignin
long, narrow, dead cells

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12
Q

what is the location and function of Sclerenchyma?

A

in stems and veins of leaves
providing strength

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of Parenchyma?

A

large, thin walled, cells
oval circular or polygonal in shape, large vacuole present

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14
Q

What is the location and function of Parenchyma?

A

it stores food and provides temporary support to plant.
it is found in soft parts of the plant.

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of supportive tissues?

A

Xylem, Phloem

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Xylem?

A

thick walled tubular cells

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17
Q

what is the function of xylem?

A

upward movement of water and minerals
old xylem forms food

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18
Q

what are the characteristics and function of xylem trachieds?

A

elongated dead cells having large cavities, cells form long tube, highly lignified cell wall
provide mechanical support

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19
Q

what are the characteristics and functions of xylem vessels?

A

cell walls dissolve to form long pipe
hard, thick cell wall
transport water and minerals

20
Q

what are the characteristics and functions of xylem parenchyma?

A

living cells
store food, conduct water and minerals

21
Q

what are the characteristics and functions of xylem fibres?

A

dead, thick walled, narrow, tapering cells
provide mechanical support

22
Q

what are the characteristics of phloem?

A

upward and downward movement of prepared food from leaves

23
Q

what are the characteristics and functions of phloem sieve tubes?

A

elongated cells placed end to end forming long tube
sieve tubes(transverse walls) perforated
help in transport of food from leaves to storage organs and other parts

24
Q

what are the characteristics and functions of phloem companion cells?

A

living parenchyma cells closely associated with sieve tubes
help in functioning of sieve tube cells

25
Q

what are the characteristics and functions of phloem parenchyma?

A

stores starch, fat

26
Q

what are the characteristics and functions of phloem fibres?

A

provide support

27
Q

What are vascular bundles?

A

Xylem and Phloem form the vascular bundles
they are in leaf veins

28
Q

What are complex tissues?

A

tissues made of more than one type of cells such as xylem and phloem.

29
Q

What are the 4 types of animal tissues?

A

Epithelial, muscle, connective, nervous

30
Q

What is the location of epithelial tissue?

A

covering surface of body, lining body cavities and organs in mouth, nose, stomach

31
Q

What is the function of epithelial tissues?

A

protection, absorption, secretion, sensory

32
Q

What are the 4 types of epithelial tissue?

A

squamous, stratified, cuboidal, columnar

33
Q

What are the characteristics of squamous epithelium?

A

cells are thin, flat, with prominent nuclei closely packed

34
Q

What is the location and function of squamous epithelium?

A

lining mouth and nasal cavities, blood and lymph vessels
protects underlying parts from mechanical injury, germs, harmful chemicals and drying up

35
Q

What is the location of cuboidal epithelium?

A

in some parts of kidney tubules, in glandular ducts such as salivary and pancreatic

36
Q

What are the characteristics and location of columnar epithelium?

A

cells are vertically arranged, cylindrical, tall
found in inner lining of stomach and intestines

37
Q

What are the 2 types of columnar epithelium?

A

ciliated, glandular

38
Q

What are the characteristics and location of ciliated columnar epithelium?

A

have thread like protoplasmic extensions called cilia which keep lashing and move materials in these regions
in lining of trachea

39
Q

What are the characteristics and location of glandular columnar epithelium?

A

contains large secreting cells, at certain places it is folded inward to form compact hollow glands
in lining of stomach and intestine, and folded in sweat, tear glands and liver

40
Q

What are the characteristics and location of stratified epithelium?

A

composed of several layers of kinds of epithelial cells
found in skin and cornea

41
Q

What are the characteristics of nervous tissue?

A

present in nervous system, made of long neurons, nerve cell contains cyton containing nucleus and dendrons, axons are very long

42
Q

What is the function of nervous tissue?

A

perception and response

43
Q

What are the functions of muscular tissue?

A

helps in movement by contraction and relaxation

44
Q

What are the 3 types of muscular tissue?

A

Striated, unstriated, cardiac

45
Q

What are the characteristics of striated tissue?

A

voluntary, made of long striated fibres, light and dark band run across, 50 percent of body weight
present in arms, legs, face, neck

46
Q

What are the characteristics of unstriated muscles?

A

involuntary, long, slender, tapering cells
present i. walk of intestine, skin, bladder, uterus, lining if blood vessels

47
Q

What are characteristics of cardiac muscle?

A

involuntary, present in wall of heart, is striated, has short breached fibres, is very durable

Biology (2 decks)

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