Plant And Animal Responses

Question 1

Learned

Answer 1

Behaviour that is modified by experience

Question 2

Long day plant

Answer 2

Flowers when days are long and nights are short

Question 3

Auxin

Answer 3

Growth hormone which plays an essential part in tropism a in stems and leaves. Promotes cell elongation.

Plant growth substance involved in phototropism, gravitropism and numerous other plant processes.

Question 4

Commensalism

Answer 4

Relationship between two organisms in which one benefits but the other is not harmed.

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Question 5

Effectors

Answer 5

Structure that respond to stimuli, such as muscle or gland

Question 6

Exogenous

Answer 6

Driven by external stimulus

Question 7

Crepuscular

Answer 7

Active at dawn and dusk

Question 8

Circadian

Answer 8

Rhythm with a period of about a day when under constant environmental conditions.

Question 9

Homing

Answer 9

Return to the ‘home base’ after a journey

Question 10

Dormancy

Answer 10

Is a condition of arrested growth. The plant or its seeds or buds, do not resume growth until increasing day length and temperature provides favourable growing conditions in spring

Question 11

Tropisms

Answer 11

Plant movements which occur by growth, and in which the direction of the response depends on the direction of the stimulus.

Question 12

Kinesis

Answer 12

Orientation movement of an animal in which the stimulus governs the rate, but not the direction, of movement.

Question 13

Endogenous

Answer 13

Having an internal origin, independent of changes in the external environment.

Question 14

Biotic

Answer 14

Factors in the environment due to other living things, such as parasites, predators, competitors.

Question 15

Sun compass

Answer 15

A navigation process used by birds where they use the sun to determine its position in reference to a goal.

Question 16

Ethylene/ ethene

Answer 16

Plant growth substance (phytohormone, plant hormone), involved in promoting growth, epinasty, fruit ripening, senescence and breaking of dormancy

Question 17

Competition

Answer 17

Situation in which the demand for a resource exceeds supply

Question 18

Circannual

Answer 18

Rhythm with a period of about a year when under constant environmental conditions.

Question 19

Abscisic acid

Answer 19

Plant growth substance that acts as a powerful growth inhibitor and plays an important part in maintaining dormancy in seeds and winter buds, and may also be involved in gravitropism in roots

Question 20

Diapause

Answer 20

Period of arrested development in an arthropod, usually induced by a chandler in photoperiod and usually broken by a period of cold

Question 21

Taxes

Answer 21

Orientation movement of an animal in which the direction of movement depends on the direction of the stimulus.

Question 22

Free running period

Answer 22

Rhythm is free running when it is proceeding independently of external changes

Question 23

Geo-

Answer 23

Prefix for Gravity

Question 24

Diurnal

Answer 24

Active during the day

Question 25

Abiotic

Answer 25

Physical factors in the environment such as temperature, light intensity, humidity.

Question 26

Thigmo-

Answer 26

Prefix for touch

Question 27

Antibiosis

Answer 27

Inhibition of the growth of bacteria by the production of growl with- inhibiting substance (antibiotics) by fungi

Question 28

Allelopathy

Answer 28

Inhibition of the growth of competing species of plants by the production of growth- inhibiting substances by a plant.

Question 29

Stimulus

Answer 29

Change in organism’s surroundings to which it can respond.

Question 30

Etiolation

Answer 30

Caused by growth in absence of light. The stem becomes long and thin, the leaves are yellow in colour.

Question 31

Biological clock

Answer 31

A biological clock is the endogenous timing system an organism uses to synchronise its activities with the environment