Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Plant Anatomy & Transport > Plant Anatomy and Transport [ chapter 35 ] > Flashcards

Plant Anatomy and Transport [ chapter 35 ] Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of plant body systems?

A

(1) . Root system –> below ground

(2) . Shoot system–> above ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the 4 characteristics of the plant body Systems

A

(1. ) cells
(2. ) tissues
(3) . 3 tissue systems
a. ground
b. vascular
c. dermal
(4) . organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tissues

A
  • groups of cells

- function together to carry out a particular activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ground tissue system

A

responsible for photosynthesis, storage, & support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

vascular tissue system

A

conduction of materials; supports body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

dermal tissue system

A

the plant’s outer protective covering

–> forms the 1st line of defense against physical damage & pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

organs

A

consist of all 3 tissue systems

-ex: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

List the 4 main plant organs

A

(1. ) roots
(2. ) primary root
(3. ) stem
(4. ) leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Roots

A
  • anchor plant to the ground
  • absorb water & nutrients from the soil
  • storage
    • -> (store carbs & other reserves)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

List the 3 things that the primary root consists of

A

(1. ) root hairs
(2. ) taproot system
(3. ) fibrous root system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Characteristics of Primary root

A
  • originates in seed embryo
  • FIRST root to emerge [ when seed germinates]
  • As seedling grows,
    • -> LATERAL roots are produced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lateral roots

A
  • branch from primary root
  • spread through soil
  • helps anchor plant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

root hairs

A
  • thin, finger-like extensions of root epidermal cells
  • near tips of the roots
  • increase quite significantly SURFACE AREA of roots
    - –> ABSORPTION
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what kind of plants have a taproot system?

A

TALL plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

taproot

A
  • one main vertical root
  • NO FUNCTION in absorption
  • SUPPORT
    • -> allows plant to grow really tall
    • -> prevents it from toppling over
    • -> ACCESS TO LIGHT
  • STORAGE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

fibrous root system

A
  • thick mat of slender roots –> spread out
  • when primary root dies:
    • ->NO TAPROOT
  • -> small roots emerge from stem
    - ->ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS
    - -> roots that are growing from an unsual source–from stem
  • MONOCOTS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the stem do?

List the 4 structures of the stem

A
  • The stem = bears leaves & buds
  • 4 structures
    (1) nodes
    (2) internodes
    (3) apical bud
    (4) axillary bud
18
Q

nodes

A

points at which leaves are attached

19
Q

internodes

A

between nodes

20
Q

apical bud

A

growing shoot tip

–> where most of the GROWTH of YOUNG SHOOT is going to TAKE PLACE

21
Q

axillary bud

A

forms LATERAL BRANCHES

22
Q

MAIN functions of the STEM

A
  1. Elongate & orient shoot
    • allows it to become taller
    • maximizes its access to light
      • -> photosynthesis
  2. Elevate Reproductive Structures
    • pollen
    • fruit
  3. Green stems
    • color due to –> chloroplast
      • -> photosynthesis
23
Q

Alternative functions of the Stem

A

a. Food storage
b. Asexual reproduction
-some plants can produce another plant by the STEM growing and producing another plant
Examples:
-rhizomes
- stolons
- tubers
–> stems that have the potential of developing into a new plant

24
Q

Characteristics of LEAVES

List the 3 things it consists of

A
  • main photosynthetic organ
  • capture light, exchange gases

(1) blade
(2) petiole
(3) veins

25
Q

Blade

A

leaf-like

26
Q

Petiole

A

Stalk
–> Attaches a leaf to a stem at a node

[Grasses --> lack a petiole; instead, the blade wraps around the stem
27
Q

Veins

A
  • vascular tissue in leaves
  • MONOCOTS
    • ->PARALLEL major veins
  • EUDICOTS
    • -> branched NETWORK of viens
      • MIDRIB –> MAJOR vein
        • network arises off of midrib
28
Q

List the 2 main types of leaves

A
  1. simple leaf

2. compound leaf

29
Q

Simple leaf

A

single, undivided blade

30
Q

Compound leaf

A

blade consists of multiple small leaves [leaflets]

–> might be MORE susceptible to TEARING by the WIND

31
Q

MODIFIED LEAVES

A

a. Tendrils
i. coils –> help support plant
b. Spines
i. cactus
c. Storage leaves
i. Bulbs
- -> underground stem with modified leaves
- -> STORES FOOD
ex: onion

Reproduction

  • produce PLANTLETS
    - ->plantlets fall off of the leaf, land on soil, take root & become another plant
32
Q

Tissue systems characteristics [brief]

A
  • CONTINUOUS throughout plant

- EACH ORGAN consists of ALL 3 systems

33
Q

DERMAL

A
  • consists of:
    1. non-woody plants
    2. woody plants
34
Q

Non-woody plants

A
  1. EPIDERMIS
    • -> single layer of tightly packed cells
  2. CUTICLE
    • ->waxy covering
    • -> helps prevent water loss
35
Q

Woody plants

A
  1. PERIDERM
    • -> replaces epidermis
      - in older regions of roots & stems
36
Q

FUNCTIONS of Dermal tissue system

A

[vary depending where you are in plant body

  1. ROOT HAIRS
    - ->ABSORPTION
  2. GUARD CELLS
    - -> specialized epidermal cells found in SHOOTS
    - ->regulate GAS EXCHANGE
  3. TRICHOMES
    - -> specialized epidermal cells located in SHOOTS
    - ->In DESERT SPECIES
    - REDUCE water loss
    - REFLECT excess sunlight
    - -> to keep their temperature down
    - -> DEFEND AGAINST INSECTS
37
Q

Root Hairs

A

ABSORPTION

38
Q

Guard Cells

A
  • specialized epidermal cells found in SHOOTS

- regulate GAS EXCHANGE

39
Q

Trichomes

A

specialized epidermal cells located in SHOOTS

  • -> In DESERT species
    - help reduce water loss
    • reflect excess sunlight
  • –>DEFEND against insects
40
Q

List FUNCTIONS of Vascular tissue system

A

–> transport materials
–> Support
(mechanical support) so that the plant doesn’t fall

41
Q

What are the two types of vascular tissues?

A
  1. Xylem

2. Phloem

Plant Anatomy & Transport (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions