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C-10 > Planning and Estimating > Flashcards

Planning and Estimating Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first step in the electrical planning process?

A

Conducting a site survey and assessing the project requirements.

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2
Q

What should be included in a detailed electrical plan?

A

Floor plans, circuit layouts, load calculations, and specifications for materials.

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3
Q

How is the electrical load of a building calculated?

A

By adding the total wattage of all electrical devices and applying demand factors.

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4
Q

What is a cost estimate in electrical contracting?

A

An approximation of the total cost to complete an electrical project, including materials, labor, and overhead.

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5
Q

What is the purpose of a bill of materials (BOM) in estimating?

A

To list all materials and components needed for the project, along with their quantities and costs.

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6
Q

What factors should be considered when estimating labor costs?

A

The number of hours required, the skill level of workers, and prevailing wage rates.

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7
Q

What is a contingency in project estimating?

A

An additional amount added to the estimate to cover unexpected costs or changes.

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8
Q

How should overhead costs be factored into an estimate?

A

By calculating a percentage of the total direct costs to cover general business expenses.

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9
Q

What is the difference between a rough estimate and a detailed estimate?

A

A rough estimate is a preliminary approximation, while a detailed estimate includes precise calculations and itemized costs.

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10
Q

What role does a project schedule play in planning?

A

It outlines the timeline for each phase of the project, helping to ensure timely completion.

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11
Q

How can material wastage be minimized in an electrical project?

A

By accurately measuring and planning material usage and ordering the right quantities.

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12
Q

What is a change order in construction?

A

A document that outlines modifications to the original contract scope, cost, or schedule.

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13
Q

What should be included in a project bid submission?

A

The estimated cost, scope of work, timelines, and terms and conditions.

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14
Q

How is profit margin calculated in an estimate?

A

By determining the desired profit as a percentage of the total estimated costs.

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15
Q

What is value engineering in the context of electrical planning?

A

A process to optimize the project’s functionality and cost-effectiveness without compromising quality.

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16
Q

How can historical data be used in estimating?

A

By analyzing past project costs and outcomes to improve accuracy in future estimates.

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17
Q

What is the purpose of a site visit during the planning phase?

A

To gather accurate information about the project’s conditions and constraints.

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18
Q

How are indirect costs accounted for in an estimate?

A

By including expenses not directly tied to specific tasks, such as insurance, permits, and administration.

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19
Q

What is a Gantt chart and how is it used in project planning?

A

A visual tool that illustrates the project timeline, tasks, and milestones.

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20
Q

What is the role of a project manager in electrical contracting?

A

To oversee the planning, execution, and completion of the project, ensuring it stays on budget and schedule.

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21
Q

How are subcontractor costs incorporated into an estimate?

A

By obtaining quotes from subcontractors and adding their costs to the overall estimate.

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22
Q

What is a unit price estimate?

A

An estimate based on the cost per unit of work, such as per linear foot of conduit or per fixture.

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23
Q

Why is it important to obtain multiple quotes for materials?

A

To ensure competitive pricing and quality for the project’s materials.

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24
Q

What is a scope of work in a project plan?

A

A detailed description of the tasks and responsibilities involved in completing the project.

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25
Q

How can project risks be identified and managed?

A

By conducting a risk assessment and developing mitigation strategies.

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26
Q

What is the importance of a project budget?

A

To provide a financial plan that guides project spending and ensures financial control.

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27
Q

How are project milestones used in planning?

A

To mark significant points in the project timeline and track progress.

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28
Q

What is a time and materials estimate?

A

An estimate based on the actual cost of labor and materials plus a markup.

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29
Q

How should project documentation be organized and maintained?

A

By keeping detailed records of plans, estimates, contracts, and communications for reference and accountability.

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30
Q

What is the purpose of a project kickoff meeting?

A

To align the project team on objectives, roles, and timelines before work begins.

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31
Q

How can technology be leveraged in project planning and estimating?

A

By using software tools for design, scheduling, cost estimation, and project management.

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32
Q

What is the impact of regulatory compliance on project planning?

A

Ensuring that the project meets all relevant codes, standards, and permits to avoid delays and fines.

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33
Q

How should allowances be handled in an estimate?

A

By including a specific amount for items that have not yet been fully defined or selected.

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34
Q

What is a lead time and how does it affect project planning?

A

The time required to procure and deliver materials or equipment, which must be factored into the project schedule.

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35
Q

How can effective communication improve project planning and execution?

A

By ensuring that all stakeholders are informed and aligned on project goals, changes, and progress.

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36
Q

What is the purpose of a project closeout checklist?

A

To ensure all tasks are completed, documentation is finalized, and the project is officially concluded.

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37
Q

How are contingency plans developed for potential project delays?

A

By identifying possible delays and preparing alternative strategies to minimize their impact.

38
Q

What is the importance of quality control in electrical contracting?

A

To ensure that all work meets the required standards and specifications, preventing rework and defects.

39
Q

How is project scope creep managed?

A

By clearly defining the scope and implementing change control processes to handle scope changes.

40
Q

What is the benefit of having a detailed project timeline?

A

To provide a clear plan for project activities, track progress, and manage deadlines effectively.

41
Q

How do you determine the electrical service size for a residential project?

A

By calculating the total electrical load and applying NEC guidelines to ensure adequate capacity.

42
Q

What is a takeoff in the context of project estimating?

A

A detailed list of materials and quantities needed for a project.

43
Q

What is the purpose of a project bid?

A

To provide a proposal outlining the scope, cost, and terms for completing a project.

44
Q

How can inflation impact project estimates?

A

By increasing the cost of materials and labor over time, affecting overall project costs.

45
Q

What is the function of a project contingency plan?

A

To address potential risks and unexpected issues that may arise during the project.

46
Q

How is a project’s critical path determined?

A

By identifying the sequence of tasks that must be completed on time to avoid delaying the project.

47
Q

What is the role of a purchase order in project planning?

A

To authorize the purchase of materials and equipment needed for the project.

48
Q

How is project profitability assessed?

A

By comparing the project’s revenue to its total costs, including direct and indirect expenses.

49
Q

What are the key components of a work breakdown structure (WBS)?

A

Tasks, sub-tasks, and deliverables organized in a hierarchical format.

50
Q

What is the purpose of a cost variance analysis in project estimating?

A

To identify and explain differences between estimated and actual costs.

51
Q

How should environmental factors be considered in project planning?

A

By assessing the site conditions and incorporating necessary measures to address environmental impacts.

52
Q

What is the importance of obtaining permits before starting a project?

A

To ensure the project complies with local regulations and avoids legal issues.

53
Q

How are indirect labor costs calculated in an estimate?

A

By including wages for support staff, supervision, and other non-direct labor expenses.

54
Q

What is a lump sum estimate?

A

A single total cost estimate for the entire project, based on a detailed scope of work.

55
Q

How can project milestones help track progress?

A

By providing checkpoints to measure achievements and stay on schedule.

56
Q

What is a performance bond, and why is it important in project planning?

A

A guarantee that the contractor will complete the project according to the terms and conditions of the contract.

57
Q

How should potential weather impacts be factored into project scheduling?

A

By building in extra time for possible delays due to adverse weather conditions.

58
Q

What is the purpose of a feasibility study in project planning?

A

To assess the practicality and viability of the proposed project.

59
Q

How is the scope of work defined in a project plan?

A

By detailing the tasks, responsibilities, and deliverables required to complete the project.

60
Q

What is the importance of resource leveling in project scheduling?

A

To ensure that resources are allocated efficiently and evenly throughout the project.

61
Q

What is a cost-plus contract, and how does it affect project estimating?

A

A contract where the contractor is paid for actual costs plus a fee, impacting how costs are tracked and reported.

62
Q

How should historical cost data be used in estimating?

A

By analyzing past project costs to improve accuracy in future estimates.

63
Q

What is the role of a project charter in planning?

A

To formally authorize the project and outline its objectives, scope, and stakeholders.

64
Q

How can project managers ensure quality control in electrical projects?

A

By implementing inspection and testing procedures throughout the project.

65
Q

What is the purpose of a risk register in project planning?

A

To document and manage potential risks and their mitigation strategies.

66
Q

How are unit prices for materials determined in an estimate?

A

By analyzing market prices, supplier quotes, and historical data.

67
Q

What is the significance of the project baseline?

A

To establish the original plan against which project performance is measured.

68
Q

How can value engineering benefit an electrical project?

A

By identifying cost-saving opportunities without compromising quality or performance.

69
Q

What is the purpose of a project scope statement?

A

To clearly define the project’s deliverables, boundaries, and acceptance criteria.

70
Q

How is a project budget monitored and controlled?

A

By regularly comparing actual costs to the budget and making adjustments as needed.

71
Q

What are the benefits of using project management software in planning and estimating?

A

To streamline scheduling, resource allocation, cost tracking, and communication.

72
Q

How should labor productivity rates be factored into an estimate?

A

By assessing the time required for specific tasks based on worker efficiency and past performance.

73
Q

What is the purpose of a change management plan in project planning?

A

To handle changes in project scope, cost, or schedule in a controlled and documented manner.

74
Q

How should project deliverables be defined and documented?

A

By specifying measurable and verifiable outcomes that meet stakeholder expectations.

75
Q

What is the impact of supply chain disruptions on project estimating?

A

By potentially increasing costs and causing delays due to material shortages or logistical issues.

76
Q

How can stakeholder engagement influence project planning?

A

By ensuring that all stakeholders’ needs and concerns are considered and addressed.

77
Q

What is the purpose of a lessons learned review in project planning?

A

To capture and analyze successes and challenges from previous projects to improve future performance.

78
Q

How is a project’s critical path managed?

A

By monitoring and prioritizing tasks that directly impact the project’s completion date.

79
Q

What is the significance of a project kick-off meeting?

A

To align the project team on objectives, roles, and timelines before work begins.

80
Q

What is the importance of regular project status reports?

A

To provide updates on progress, identify issues, and keep stakeholders informed.

81
Q

How should project closeout activities be planned?

A

By detailing the tasks required to finalize the project, complete documentation, and hand over deliverables.

82
Q

What is a cost-benefit analysis, and how is it used in project planning?

A

To compare the expected benefits and costs of a project to determine its viability.

83
Q

How is the project’s success measured?

A

By evaluating whether it meets its scope, schedule, budget, and quality objectives.

84
Q

What is the role of a project sponsor?

A

To provide overall support, guidance, and resources for the project.

85
Q

How are project deliverables tracked?

A

By using a tracking system or software to monitor their completion and ensure they meet requirements.

86
Q

What is the significance of a project scope statement?

A

To clearly define the project’s deliverables, boundaries, and acceptance criteria.

87
Q

What is the process of evaluating a project?

A

By evaluating whether it meets its scope, schedule, budget, and quality objectives.

88
Q

How can resource constraints be managed in project planning?

A

By optimizing resource allocation, adjusting schedules, and using resource leveling techniques.

89
Q

What is a project charter?

A

A document that formally authorizes a project and outlines its objectives, scope, and stakeholders.

90
Q

What is the impact of inflation on project estimates?

A

By increasing the cost of materials and labor over time, affecting overall project costs.

91
Q

What is a scope of work?

A

A detailed description of the tasks and responsibilities involved in completing the project.

C-10 (2 decks)

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