PLANNING

Question 1

First FYP

Answer 1

(1951 - 56)
influx of refugees, severe food shortage & mounting inflation confronted the
country
Focus on 1) agriculture, with an emphasis on food self-sufficiency; 2) development of basic industries such as steel, coal, and power generation; =3) infrastructure development.

Question 2

Second FYP

Answer 2

Second Plan (1956 - 61) prepared by Prof. PC Mahalanobis
Expansion of heavy industries, establishment of steel plants and major infrastructure projects, improvement in agricultural productivity, and development of education and healthcare sectors.
decentralized cottage industries for job creation
import substitution

Question 3

Bombay School of thought

Answer 3

C. N. Vakil and P. R. Brahmanand. Surplus labour to produce “wage goods”, or simple consumer goods -it would eventually consume with the wages it earned in producing the goods.

Question 4

Sarvodaya Plan

Answer 4

Jayaprakash Narayan in 1950 and emphasised 1) small and cotton industries alongside agriculture and suggested freedom from foreign technology. 2) It also stressed upon land reforms.

Question 5

Bombay Plan:

Answer 5

Proposed by a group of industrialists including JRD Tata, GD Birla and others in 1944, it proposed presence of Govt. in the core sectors of economy without diminishing the role of private sector.

Question 6

People’s Plan:

Answer 6

This plan was drafted by M. N. Roy in 1945 and gave greatest priority to agricultural production. It also emphasized on manufacture of consumer goods and development of communication and transport network.

Question 7

Gandhian Plan:

Answer 7

In 1944, Sriman Narayan Agarwal authored The Gandhian Plan, in which he emphasized the promotion of agriculture and village and cottage industries based on Gandhian economic ideas.

Question 8

Third FYP

Answer 8

(1961 - 66) At its conception, it was felt that Indian economy has entered a “take-off stage”. Therefore, its aim was to make India a ‘self-reliant’ and ‘self- generating’ economy.
Based on the experience of first two plans, agriculture was given top priority to support the exports and industry.

Question 9

Plan holiday.

Answer 9

(1966-69) aftermath of Chinese aggression (1962), Indo-Pak war (1965), severe drought 1965-66. Green Revolution, devaluation of rupee (to boost exports)

Question 10

Fourth FYPlan

Answer 10

1969-1974 Refusal of supply of essential equipments and raw materials from the allies during Indo Pak war resulted in twin objectives of “growth with stability“ and “progressive achievement of self-reliance “ for the Fourth Plan. Main emphasis was on growth rate of agriculture

Question 11

Fifth Plan

Answer 11

(1974-79) D.P. Dhar in the backdrop of economic crisis arising out of run-away inflation fuelled by hike in oil prices and failure of the Govt. takeover of the wholesale trade in wheat.
 It proposed to achieve two main objectives: ‘removal of poverty’ (Garibi Hatao) and ‘attainment of self-reliance’

Question 12

Rolling Plan

Answer 12

Rolling Plan  There were 2 Sixth Plans. Janta Govt. put forward a plan (1978 - 80). Focus on employment

Question 13

Sixth Plan

Answer 13

(1980 - 85) The Plan focussed on Increase in national income, modernization of technology, ensuring continuous decrease in poverty and unemployment

Question 14

Seventh Plan

Answer 14

(1985 - 90) ‘food, work & productivity’.

Question 15

8th FYP

Answer 15

1992-1997 LPG

Question 16

9th FYP

Answer 16

(1997- 2002) United Front Government focussed on “Growth with Social Justice & Equality”. Ninth Plan aimed to depend predominantly on the private sector – Indian as well as foreign (FDI) & State was envisaged to increasingly play the role of facilitator & increasingly involve itself with social sector viz education, health etc and infrastructure where private sector participation was likely to be limited.

Question 17

10th FYP

Answer 17

(2002 - 2007) The targets included reduction in gender gaps in literacy and wage rate, reduction in Infant & maternal mortality rates, improvement in literacy, access to potable drinking water cleaning of major polluted rivers, etc. Governance was considered as factor of development & agriculture was declared as prime moving force of the economy.

Question 18

11th FYP

Answer 18

(2007 - 2012) Eleventh Plan was aimed “Towards Faster & More Inclusive Growth” India had emerged as one of the fastest growing economies by the end of the Tenth Plan. The savings and investment rates had increased, industrial sector had responded well to face competition in the global economy and foreign investors were keen to invest in India. But the growth was not perceived as sufficiently inclusive for many groups, specially SCs, STs & minorities as borne out by data on several dimensions like poverty, malnutrition, mortality, current daily employment etc.

Question 19

12th FYP

Answer 19

(2012 - 2017) reflected in the subtitle: ‘Faster, Sustainable, and More Inclusive Growth’.