planing an investigation

Question 1

Use bullet points and include the main aspects of your investigation such as:

Answer 1

Apparatus needed

Safety issues

Amounts of substances, how to measure them, accuracy

Relevant practical procedures, calculations

Conclusion

Question 2

Hypothesis

Answer 2

he hypothesis sums up the idea that is being tested and is a proposed outcome.

It is a statement based on the scientific idea and which can be tested experimentally.

Question 3

A prediction is

Answer 3

a statement of what would be expected to happen when a hypothesis is tested in the laboratory.

Question 4

Variables

Independent variable: ….

Dependent variable: ….

Control variable: ….

Answer 4

Variables

Independent variable: the parameter you change.

Dependent variable: the parameter you measure.

Control variable: the things that must be kept the same to keep it as a fair test

Question 5

When writing a method, you should include:

Answer 5

Equipment list

Variables – with values of the independent variable, how you will measure the dependent variable and what values you will use for the control variables.

Method – it needs to be clear, logical and contain all the readings you need to take. Describe how to do it once then the final steps should always be: repeat it two more times and calculate an average (if there is an anomaly then you do not include it in the average), repeat with the other values for the independent variable.

Safety precautions.

Question 6

Writing a conclusion

Answer 6

Must state the relationship and numbers must be quoted to show the pattern.

E.g. for the above investigation, the ideal conclusion would be:

“As the concentration of the acid increases the time taken for the reaction to occur decreases”.

The conclusion is always based on the resulting numbers of the investigation.

For example, 1M acid took 60s and for 3M acid it took 5s.

Question 7

Note that the hypothesis is not the same as…

Answer 7

Note that the hypothesis is not the same as the title of an investigation.

Question 8

Investigation into the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction

write variables and put them on y axis and x axis

Answer 8

Variables:

Independent: the concentration, as it is the parameter that is being changed

Dependent: the time taken, which is the parameter that is being measured

Control:

the amount of gas being collected (100 cm3), which does not change