Planes/Axis & Examples Flashcards
Plane: Sagittal
Axis: Frontal
What are the motions that occur here?
Flexion/Extension
Plane: Frontal
Axis: Sagittal
What are the motions that occur here?
Abduction/Adduction
Radial/Ulnar Deviation
Eversion/Inversion
Plane: Transverse (Horizontal)
Axis: Vertical (Longitudinal)
Medial-lateral Rotation
Supination/Pronation
Right/Left Rotation
Horizontal Abduction/ Adduction
What is flexion?
bending movement of one bone on another, bringing two segments together and causing a decrease in the joint angle (bend elbow)
What is extension?
the straightening movement of one bone away from another, causing an increase at joint angle (Elbow straight)
what is palmar flexion?
Flexion at wrist
what is plantar flexion
flexion at ankle
what is hyperextension?
the continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position after it has been flexed (over flexed)
What is dorsiflexion?
extension at the wrist and ankle joints
refers to dorsum ( superior aspect ) of the arm and foot
what is abduction?
the movement AWAY from the midline
what is adduction?
movement toward the midline
what is horizontal abduction?
must be preceded by either flexion or abduction of the shoulder joint so that the arm is at shoulder level. (straight and away from body)
-shoulder movement backward!
What is horizontal adduction
stretched arm out with movement toward the body (forward)
What is radial deviation?
when the hand moves laterally, or toward the thumb side
What is ulnar deviation?
when the hand moves medially from anatomical position (pinky toward arm)
What is lateral bending?
the trunk moves sideways, can be right or left
What is circumduction?
circular cone shaped pattern Involves - flexion -abduction -extension - adduction Ex. Shoulder moving arm in circle
what is rotation?
movement of a bone or part around its longitudinal axis
What is medial rotation?
anterior surface rolls inward toward the midline
What is lateral rotation?
the anterior surface rolls outward (away from midline)
What is the rotation of the forearm called?
supination/pronation
What is forearm pronation?
Palm is facing backwards, or posteriorly
“Palm Down”
What is forearm supination?
the palm of the hand forward, or anteriorly
“Palm up”
What is inversion?
moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle
What is eversion?
outward movement of the foot at the ankle
What is protraction?
mostly a linear movement along a parallel plane to the gorun and away from the posterior midline
What is retraction?
a linear movement in the same plane but toward the posterior midline
Ex. shoulder girdle
