Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Obs (Owen) > Placenta > Flashcards

Placenta Flashcards

1
Q

Where should placenta lie

A

High away from the cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the different types of placenta praevia

A

Marginal- where only a bit overlying
Partial- where large proportion covered
Complete- where whole of cervix covered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where should placenta sit

A

On a basal layer above endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is placenta accreta

A

Implanted through decidua onto superficial myometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is placenta increta

A

Invaded into myometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is placenta percreta

A

Where has invaded through the uterus into the bladder most commonly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Risk factors for placenta praevia

A

Multiple pregnancies
Previous C-section
Abnormal uterus
Assisted conception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How to image placenta praevia

A

TVUSS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How to grade placenta praevia

A

I- encroaches on lower segment of uterus
II- reaches internal OS but does not cover it
III- covers internal OS but not completely
IV- completely covers internal OS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Causes of bleeding in different trimesters

A

At any time could be UTI etc

1st
- ectopic, miscarriage, hydatidiform mole
2nd
- miscarriage, molar, placental abruption
3rd
- placental abruption, praevia, vasa praevia, bloody show

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is vasa praevia

A

Post ROM can get bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is bloody show

A

Pre labour can get bleeding indicating impending labour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Management of placental abruption

A

Determine if over 36 weeks or not

Under 36 weeks
- fetal distress then C section ASAP
- no fetal distress then steroids and admit for close observation

Over 36 weeks
- fetal distress then C section ASAP
- no fetal distress then deliver vaginally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Management of placental abruption if baby dead

A

Deliver vaginally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rfx for placental abruption

A

Cocaine use
HTN
Smoking
Trauma to abdomen (car crash, fall, domestic abuse)
Increasing maternal age
Multiparous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Placental abruption on examination

A

Tender tense uterus
Shock out of keeping with blood loss
Normal lie
Baby in distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Complications of placental abruption

A

Maternal
- DIC
- Renal failure
- PPH
- Sheehan’s

Baby
- IUGR
- fetal hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What determines if bleeding in placental abruption

A

If the separation is near margin then will bleed however if it is central it will be concealed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What would cause a delayed stage 3 of labour

A

Placenta accreta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Definitive management for placenta accreta

A

Hysterectomy

21
Q

Most common cause antepartum haemorrhage

A

Placental rupture

22
Q

What classes as low lying placenta

A

Within 2cm of internal OS

23
Q

What classes as placenta praevia

A

Covering the internal OS

24
Q

If have low-lying placenta at anomaly scan what do

A

Follow-up USS at 32 weeks ideally with TVUSS

25
If low-lying placenta still seen at 32 weeks on TVUSS what do
Re-scan at 36 weeks
26
From what point in pregnancy can placenta be described as low lying or praevia
16 weeks
27
Management of asymptomatic placenta praevia at 32 weeks
Treat as outpatient - safety net about bleeding and sex Give steroids at 34-36 weeks Re-scan at 36 and deliver within a week if still placenta praevia
28
What noted at 32 week USS may change management
Short cervical length as indicates increased risk of PPH and preterm
29
Management of someone with recurrent bleeding from low-lying placenta/placenta praevia
Tailor between hospitilisation and outpatient based on distance to hospital from home, transport, bleeding episodes and haem results Can admit steroids prior to 34 weeks Deliver 34-36 weeks
30
If have any pain, bleeding or contractions when treated as outpatient with placenta praevia what do
Come to hospital
31
If admitted to hospital with bleeding from placenta praevia what do
A-E Treat blood loss VTE risk assessment balanced against risk of bleeding from placenta
32
When are antenatal steroids given in placenta praevia
Anyone between 34 and 35+6 but can before if high risk of preterm like short cervical length
33
When and how should deliver if placenta praevia
If asymptomatic 36-37 weeks If bleeding and risks of preterm then 34-36+6 Ideally C-section but can consider vaginal if low lying and asymptomatic
34
What anaesthetic for placenta praevia
Regional but may have to convert to general
35
What do if placenta praevia goes into preterm labour
Can use tocolysis and antenatal before c-section
36
Rfx for placenta accreta
Previous c-sections Uterine surgery Anterior low-lying or placenta
37
What should do if previous c-sections and seen to have anterior low lying placenta on mid term USS
Screened for placenta accreta
38
What is best way to diagnose placenta accreta
USS and MRI by highly skilled radiographer equally as specific MRI may help detail depth of invasion
39
Risks in surgery of placenta accreta
Damage to urinary tract Haemorrhage Transfusion Hysterectomy
40
Management of placenta accreta
MDT approach Planned c-section at 35-36+6 Trained memebers of team Blood products present
41
What is surgical approach for palcenta accreta
Attempt myometrial resection May have to resort to hysterectomy
42
Surgical approach for placenta percreta
C-section hysterectomy
43
Difference between revelaed and concealed placental abruption
Revealed -Presents with vaginal bleeding Concealed- Presents with no bleeding but can be seen on USS as clot between placenta and endometrium
44
What is perimetrium
Outer layer of uterus
45
Post abruption management
Re-classified as high risk so consultant led Serial scans for FGR
46
Management of low lying placenta at 36 weeks
Personalised decision on birth
47
What at anomaly scan would encourage to look for placenta accreta
Anterior and previous C-section History of placenta accreta
48
If find placenta accreta on USS what do
Refer to specialist team

Obs (Owen) (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions