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PjM Flashcards

1
Q

Overall building efficiency ratio

A

Net assignable area (all the spaces needed by the client [office]) / Gross area (whole building, including circulation, mechanical, structural)

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2
Q

R/U Ratio

A

Retable area (includes areas used by all building tenants likes lobbies, janitorial, and mechanical rooms) / Usable area (area tenant will occupy privately)

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3
Q

Gross-up factor

A

same as R/U Ratio

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4
Q

Grossing factor

A

Ratio of gross/net, established during programming

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5
Q

Gross Floor Area (for programming)

A

measured to exterior face of building

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5
Q

Gross floor area (for code)

A

measured to inside face of interior wall

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6
Q

Rentable floor area

A

excludes stairs and elevators

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7
Q

Usable floor area

A

excludes all public/shared areas

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8
Q

Net floor area

A

excludes all public/shared areas as well as private circulation areas (eg corridors)

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9
Q

Zones of occupancy

A

determines occupant density (public, social, personal, intimate). used for HVAC usually

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9
Q

Accessory Occupancies

A

small spaces (less than 10% of total floor area) that serve the main occupancy and require classification as different occupancy groups but do not require fire separation from the main occupancy

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10
Q

AIA E204 2017

A

Supplement to core 101 contracts for projects with sustainability goals

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11
Q

Task dependency

A

the relationship of stop and start times for tasks

start-start
finish-start (natural dependency)
finish-finish

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12
Q

Prime contract

A

main contract with the owner for the work with the expectation that some of the work will be completed with the use of subcontractors. The contractor has a prime contract with the owner and he hires subs using subcontracts

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13
Q

Contractor Compensation Methods

Unit Cost
Cost plus Fixed Fee
Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP)
Stipulated lump sum

A

Unit Cost: owner pays $ per housing unit
Cost plus Fixed Fee: const of work plus $ fixed profit for contractor. no limit to change orders
Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP): like cost plus fixed fee, but if cost of work exceeds $2M, contractor has to complete the project and eat the extra cost
Stipulated lump sum: fixed budget

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14
Q

Supplemental instructions to bidders

A

Addenda (clarification or change to drawings) issued by architect during bidding process

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15
Q

Architect’s supplemental instructions

A

Like a change order but so minor it wont affect cost or schedule (changing a paint color before paint has been purchased)

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16
Q

Top Down vs Bottom Up project budgeting

A

Top Down: start with architect’s fee, subtract all expenses, use what’s left for design time
Bottom Up: add up required time and staffing for project to estimate required fee.

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17
Q

Information from the Owner

A

If contractor requires information from the owner, the architect must provided it within 7 days

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18
Q

Construction change directive

A

architect-issued directive to modify the work now while the contractor and owner negotiate who will pay. used so as to not delay the project

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19
Q

Consequential damages

A

indirect costs created by a botched job, eg. loss in rent revenue. AIA contracts include a waiver for consequential damages

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20
Q

SPECS
Descriptive specification
Prescriptive specification

A

Descriptive specification: detailed written information on requirements for material and product quality, including installation
Prescriptive specification: detailed means and methods of construction

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21
Q

Critical path diagrams

PERT charts
Gnatt charts

A

project management tools that represent project tasks and timelines to completion
PERT: flow chart
Gnatt: bar diagram

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22
Q

work vs project

A

project refers to the overall development, which might have different phases and scopes; work refers to a particular scope in the larger project

23
ADA clear floor space ICC A117.1 clear floor space
30"x48" 30"x52"
23
Prevention costs
expenses on the firm that can avoid mistakes on the job. eg. investing in employee education, using ISO 9001 quality management programs, etc
24
Bidding Documents
Include: -bidding requirements -contract forms -conditions of the contract -construction documents (specs + contract drawings) -addenda
25
Contract Documents
-contract forms -conditions of the contract -construction documents (specs + contract drawings) -addenda
26
Project Manual
a written document that supplements the construction drawings, providing information on bidding, the contractual relationship between the owner and contractor, and technical specifications for materials and construction methods -bidding requirements -contract forms -conditions of the contract -specifications
27
External failure costs
price, to your firm, to remedy defects discovered by the owner during construction or after occupancy
28
AIA701
Instructions to Bidders Includes procedures for bid process, bond requirements, and complements A201
29
AIA G601 AIA G602 AIA G202 AIA G202
AIA G601: RFP for a Survey AIA G602: RFP for a Geotechnical Report AIA G202: Digital data protocol AIA G202: BIM protocol
30
Test boring
geotechnical procedure to test: -soil ability to support the building -potential soil contamination -permeability/drainage
31
Appraisal costs
costs, to the firm, of the employee time required for quality management
32
AIA G802 AIA D503
AIA G802: Amendment to Professional Services Agreement (for changes in scope) AIA D503: Guide for sustainable Projects
33
Internal Failure Costs
dollar costs, to the firm, for fixing problems in the drawings and specs before project delivery (eg redlining)
34
Architect lead design-build team
Created through a partnership or joint venture. Architect lead is has additional responsibilities: -control of construction means and methods and site safety -project schedule and budget Architect therefore assumes some contractor roles and responsibilities.
35
Work Plan
1. project description and client requirements 2. statement of deliverables 3. team organization 4. responsibilities matrix 5. preliminary project schedule 6. preliminary staffing 7. project delivery method 8. initial project budget and professional plan 9. code information (optional)
36
who certifies substantial completion
certified by the architect
37
Conditions for contractor terminating a contract
1. After 30 days of stopped work due to: court order, government action, non-payment 2. after 60 of stopped work due to the owner failing to fulfill obligations 3. if owner suspends work without cause
38
Restrictive covenants
a deed provision limiting certain uses of a property
39
AIA G716 vs change order
40
Structural Engineer Drawings
Foundation drawings Floor framing plans Load bearing wall drawings and details
41
Electrical Engineer Drawings
Data and telephone systems Power systems drawings and specs Signal systems Lighting systems
42
AIA 101
owner contractor agreement with a stipulated sum or fixed price. The A101 adopts the A201 by reference, meaning the A201's general conditions apply to the A101 contract.
43
AIA 201
General owner contractor agreement. Covers various aspects of construction project management, including contract administration, project execution, changes in the work, time management, payments, and dispute resolution.
44
Mechanical Engineer Drawings
Heating drawings and specs HVAC Systems Plumbing Systems
45
Multiple prime contract
no singe general contractor. owner contracts separately with multiple contractors with a construction manager coordinating. associated with public projects
46
Construction contingency
money set aside by the owner to cover unexpected building costs that inevitably arise throughout a project
47
Schedule of values
a list of all the construction work with dollar values tied to each activity. it is prepared and submitted by the contractor
48
Single Purpose Entity IPD
architect, developer, and contractor bond as LLP. finished project is then sold to client and profits (or losses) are shared.
49
Project Alliance IPD
a developer hires an architect and contractor and the parties agree to work with one another as partners. architect is paid by developer for design costs, plus any bonuses for meeting certain goals
50
Relational contract IPD
Like project alliance option, but without the partnership contract, so anyone can sue another party
51
Addenda vs. Bulletin
Addenda are issues after bidding begins but before it ends. Therefore they do not require a change order Bulletins (also called modifications) happen after bidding, and often after the construction contract has been signed. They may trigger a change order
52
Record Drawins
no such thing as "as-built" drawings 1. constructions drawings: base drawing 2. conformed drawings: construction drawings + addenda issued during bidding 3. as-design drawings: include all change orders and other documented changes during construction 4. as-constructed: contractor marks up design set
53
Permits
owner is responsible for building permitting (with architect helping coordination), while contractor is responsible for construction permits
54
Risk transfer to an architect (things to avoid)
1. indemnify or hold harmless: if something happens to the building architect is made responsible 2. warranty or guarantees 3. architect as CA supervisor or inspector: construction problems become architect's responsibility 4. holding architect to "highest" standard of care
55
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ARE: PCM (2 decks)

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