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pix Flashcards

1
Q

label this

A
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2
Q

label this

A
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3
Q

sphenoid fontanelle becomes

A

pterion

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4
Q

label this bone. what is it?

A

temporal

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5
Q

label this

A
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6
Q

label this sphenoid (think what goes through it)

A
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7
Q

what is this. Label the parts

A

ICA very recognisable tortuous route

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8
Q

label the triangles of the neck

A
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9
Q

what is in the submandibular triangle of the anterior triangle

A
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10
Q

label

A
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11
Q

label

A
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12
Q

what is happening here

A

forced resp

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13
Q

what is happening here

A

normal resp

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14
Q

what is happening here

A

phonation

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15
Q

what is happening here

A

whispering

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16
Q

what is papilloedema what does it look like

A

volcano appearance of optic disc
more angiogenesis,
blood vessels don’t look like they join up properly

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17
Q

what sort of synapse is this

A

axosomatic

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18
Q

label this. what is it

A

myelinated neurone. cytoplasm pushed to the outside

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19
Q

label

A

1: Schwann cell nucleus 2: Myelin sheath 3:Axon

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20
Q

cns or pns? label

A

cns lack of supporting cells around unmyelinated axons, absence of basal lamina and CT in the CNS, helps to distinguish it from PNS in histological section.
astrocytes at top
oligodendrocytes

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21
Q

how can you recognise microglie

A

smallest cells, elongated nuclei

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22
Q

how do you recognise cerebellum

A

purkinje cells (large, flask-shaped nucleus)

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23
Q

What tract pathology is this

A

Vestibulospinal

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24
Q

label this

A
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25
Q

label this

A
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26
Q

label this

A
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27
Q

re: tissue, why is it easier for blood to flow one way rather than the other through the aortic and pulmonary valves

A

3 layers of tissue:
ventricularis (elastic fibres, loose collagen)
spongiosa (proteoglycans and loose collagen)
fibrosa (dense and tough collagen)
makes it harder for backflow

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28
Q

what do you see here and what does it do

A

whole thing is juxtaglomerular apparatus, macula densa in distal ct and juxtaglomerular cells in afferent arterioles control water content in blood plasma

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29
Q

label this

A
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30
Q

Label this picture

A
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31
Q

Label this picture

A
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32
Q

label these sutures

A
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33
Q

label this picture

A
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34
Q

name this vessel

A

aorta. sits at the back of the thorax

35
Q

label these areas and determine which vessels supply them with blood

A

foregut- coeliac trunk
midgut - superior mesenteric artery
hindgut - inferior mesenteric artery

36
Q

what is this. what does it do

A

hepatic portal vein receives de-ox blood from gut, takes it to liver to be cleaned before it carries on to the heart

37
Q

what is this, what does it do? what is significant about left and right

A

l and r venous angles. receives lymphatic material from the whole body.
Left drains both legs and abdomen, right only drains half of thorax, right arm and head

38
Q

what has happened here

A

occlusion of r axillary artery

39
Q

what is this

A

pelvic inlet

40
Q

what passes through greater sciatic foramen

A

pipiss
pudendal nerve
internal pudendal vessels
piriformis
inferior glute nerve
sciatic nerve
superior glute nerve

41
Q
A

A - greater sciatic formane
B - sacrospinous ligament
C - sacrotuberous ligament
D - lesser sciatic foramen

42
Q

which nerve exits greater but reenters lesser sciatic foramnen

43
Q

when is median umbilical ligament canulised

A

in foetal development

44
Q

what is lowest part of bladder called/

45
Q
A

retroverted and retroflexed

46
Q

what is this

50
Q

which is the caudal end of this embryo

A

the streak end

51
Q

what is this

A

atretic follicle (follicle which doesn’t mature). ring is remnants of zona pellucida

53
Q

where?

A

ampulla fallopian

54
Q

what is above/below dashed line

A

stratum functionale/basale

55
Q

what is this transition zone

A

endo - ecto cervix columnar - stratified squamous

56
Q

which duct is actively lactating. how can you tell

A

rhs. presence of acini (and you can see the lipids)

57
Q

what’s the difference between primary and secondary follicles

A

secondary many more layers of granulosa cells and antrum is visible

58
Q

what is the name of the granulosum cells in a circle in the graafian follicle

A

corona radiata

60
Q

what is transposition of teh great vessels

A

aorta comes of right ventricle and pulm trunk comes off lv. blood just goes roudn the body and is never oxygenated because ivc and svc drain back into the right

61
Q

tetralogy of fallot 4 signs

A

hypertrophic right ventricle
massive aorta
tiny pulmonary trunk
ventriculoseptal sefect

62
Q

what is high and low AFP, Estriol, hCG, Inhibin A in aneupliodies

63
Q

what are the 3 types of cell in this organ, where is the tissue, what does each cell secrete

A

acidophil, basophil chromophobe
anterior pituitary

64
Q

What is this? what cells can you see?

A

islet of langerhans
A cells at periphery
B cells at centr

65
Q

how do you differentiate salivary glands histologically

A

parotid purple and then -> whiter with alphabet

66
Q

What are the primary components in the granules? Which hormone primarily stimulates their release?

A

digestive enzymes like lipases and peptidases stimulated by CKK

67
Q

how is the liver organised? What do the arrows indicate

A

central venule least oxygenated zone, portal triad (portal vein, hepatic artery and hepatic duct) most oxygenated zone

68
Q

what is this

A

portal triad - vein big, artery small smooth muscle, 2 x ducks`

69
Q

what sort of cells are these and how do you know

A

fibroblasts, spindle shaped nucleus

70
Q

what sort of cell is this. Why? What does it do? WHen is it viible

A

macrophage. kidney shaped nucleus, phagocytoses dead cells, pathogens etc, only visible when doing phaogocytic activity

71
Q

what are these cells?

A

mast cells

72
Q

what do you see here

A

reticular fibres.

73
Q

what is this

A

elastic fibres

74
Q

describe this picture

A

loose connective tissue. Sparse cells and fibres, more ground substance

75
Q

describe this picture

A

dense connective tissue, more cells, more fibres, less ground substance

76
Q

describe the layers of an artery

77
Q

describe the cross section of a vein

78
Q

label this

79
Q

label this

80
Q

label this. what is the middle vessel used for

A

taking blood

81
Q

label the vessels

82
Q

label what you see

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