Pituitary Tumor Flashcards
What are the commonest type of pituitary tumors?
Benign - prolactinoma
What happens in prolactinoma?
Excess prolactin secretion
How is prolactin inhibited?
Dopamine
What are the symptoms in women with prolactinoma?
-Hypogonadism: infertility, amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea -Galactorrhoea
What are the symptoms in men with prolactinoma?
Hypogonadism: decreased libido, infertility, impotence, gynacomastea, RARE galactorrhea
What are the 2 types of prolactinoma and how do they differ?
Microadenoma: only treated if causes symptoms Macroadenoma: start dopamine treatment and review for neurosurgery
What is the treatment for prolactinoma?
Dopamine agonist: leads to reduction in tutor size and prolactin secretion
What 2 drugs are used for prolactinoma?
Bromocriptine Cabergoline
What happens in acromegaly?
Tumor secreting GH
What is the commonest cause of acromegaly?
GH secreting pituitary adenoma
What are the clinical features of acromegaly?
Growth of many tissues: - skin, CT: thick skin - Cartilage - Bone - Viscera - Epithelial cells Insidious onset Enlarged jaw hands and feet Enlarged frontal bone and face Enlargement of tongue and deepening of voice
How do you investigate for acromegaly?
GH (will be increased) IGF-1 (somatomedin) (will be increased) Patients present with diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance test CT/MRI can show large pituitary tumour
Which hormone inhibits GH production
Somatomedin Somatostatin
How is acromegaly treated?
First line: tumour removal: transphenoidal hypophysectomy If cannot be cured surgically: - radiotherapy - octreotide: somatostatin analogue - bromocriptine
What is Cushing’s Disease?
ACTH secreting tumor
