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Endocrine - Pituitary > pituitary > Flashcards

pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

Pituitary is the intersection of _____ and _____ .

A

Neuro and Endo

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2
Q

The hypothalamus and Pituitary form a unit and exert control over which glands : _____, _____, _____

A

thyroid, adrenals, gonads

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3
Q

What is the “axis” (HPA)

A

Hypothalamic pituitary axis

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4
Q

What is the HPA responsible for?

A

brain-endocrine interactions (neuro + endo)

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5
Q

Coordinating center for endocrine system.

A

Hypothalamus

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6
Q

The HPA consolidates signals from:

A

upper cortical inputs
autonomic function
environmental cues
peripheral endocrine feedback

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7
Q

Where is the Pituitary located?

A

in sphenoid bone in the area called the sella tursica

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8
Q

What are the 4 divisions?

A
  1. anterior pituitary (or adenohypophysis)
  2. Pars intermedius
  3. Pars tubularis
  4. Neurohypophysis
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9
Q

Which division is the largest?

A

anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)

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10
Q

Which division is gone after fetal development?

A

Pars intermedius

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11
Q

Which division highly vascular and has no known hormones secreted?

A

Pars tubularis

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12
Q

Do the anterior and posterior pituitary communicate?

A

they are distinct from each other:
different connections to hypothalamus
different cell types
secrete different hormones

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13
Q

What is the Anterior Pituitary also called?

A

adenohypophysis

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14
Q

How is the Anterior Pituitary connected to the hypothalamus?

A

portal venous network

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15
Q

Anterior Pituitary is responsible for which glands?

A

thyroid, adrenal, mammary glands, growth hormone, gonads, and melanocytes

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16
Q

What are Somatotropes?

A

most abundant cell type of anterior pituitary, secrete growth hormone (GH)

17
Q

What are Corticotropes?

A

cell of anterior pituitary that secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

18
Q

What are thyrotropes?

A

cell of anterior pituitary that secretes thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

19
Q

What are Gonadotropes?

A

cell of anterior pituitary that secrete luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH/LH)

20
Q

What are Lactotropes?

A

cells anterior pituitary that secrete Prolactin (PRL)

21
Q

What is the posterior pituitary called?

A

neurohypophysis

22
Q

Posterior pituitary is a collection of _____ _____ from the hypothalamus.

A

axonal projections

23
Q

The only two hormones produced by the posterior pituitary are:

A

oxytocin and vasopressin (ADH)

24
Q

What do oxytocin and vasopressin do?

A

regulate uterine contractions and water balance

25
Q

Posterior Pituitary hormones are synthesized in the _____ .

A

hypothalamus

Endocrine - Pituitary (1 decks)

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