Pitch Flashcards
Treble Clef
Lines: F D B G E
Spaces: E C A F
Bass Clef
Lines: A F D B G
Spaces
G
E
C
A
Tenor Clef
Lines: E C A F D
Spaces: D B G E
Alto Clef
Lines: G E C A F
Spaces: F D B G
Treble clef octave designation
C4 D4 E4 F4 G4 A4 B4 C5
Bass clef octave designation
C4 B3 A3 G3 F3 E3 D3 C3
Alto clef octave designation
F3 G3 A3 B3 C4 D4 E4 F4 G4
Tenor clef octave designation
D3 E3 F3 G3 A3 B3 C4 D4
Enharmonic equivalent of C#
Db
Enharmonic equivalent of Db
C#
Enharmonic equivalent of F#
Gb
Enharmonic equivalent of Gb
F#
Enharmonic equivalent of A#
Bb
Enharmonic equivalent of Bb
A#
Enharmonic equivalent of D#
Eb
Enharmonic equivalent of Eb
D#
Enharmonic equivalent of G#
Ab
Enharmonic equivalent of Ab
G#
Order of sharps
F C G D A E B
Order of flats
B E A D G C F
Circle of fifths (sharps)
C G D A E B F# C#
Circle of fifths (flats)
C F Bb Eb Ab Db Gb Cb
Relative minor of C
a
Relative minor of G
e
Relative minor of D
b
Relative minor of A
f#
Relative minor of E
c#
Relative minor of B
g#
Relative minor of F#
d#
Relative minor of C#
a#
Relative minor of Cb
ab
Relative minor of Gb
eb
Relative minor of Db
bb
Relative minor of Ab
f
Relative minor of Eb
c
Relative minor of Bb
g
Relative minor of F
d
Relative major of a
C
Relative major of e
G
Relative major of b
D
Relative major of f#
A
Relative major of c#
E
Relative major of g#
B
Relative major of d#
F#
Relative major of a#
C#
Relative major of ab
Cb
Relative major of eb
Gb
Relative major of bb
Db
Relative major of f
Ab
Relative major of c
Eb
Relative major of g
Bb
Relative major of d
F
Harmonic minor scale
Raise the seventh
Melodic minor scale
Ascending: raise the sixth and seventh
Descending: returned to natural minor
Principle of the melodic minor scale
7th is usually raised when moving upward to the tonic, and if the 6th precedes it is also raised.
6th is usually lowered when moving downward to the 5th, and if the 7th precedes it is also lowered.
Parallel minor scale
Shares the same tonic as a major scale
3rd degree is half a step lower in the parallel minor.
Parallel minor always 3 keys removed (more flats or fewer sharps)
Ionian Mode
Starts on Do
Equivalent to the major scale
Lydian mode
Starts on Fa
Major scale with a raised 4th
Mixolydian mode
Starts on Sol
Major scale with a lowered 7th degree
Aeolian mode
Starts on La
Natural minor scale
Dorian mode
Starts on Re
Natural minor with raised 6th
Phrygian mode
Starts on Mi
Natural minor with lowered 2nd
Doubling: Root position
Double the root or fifth of the chord
Doubling: Second inversion
Double the root or fifth of the chord
Doubling: First inversion
Double anything but the bass
Chord progression: Playing fifths
Cycling through all the chords in a key but ordered in descending fifths
Chord progression: Three-note voicing
Three notes used for seventh chords (fifth left out)
Chord progression: Lazy seventh
Holding the third of any chord over to the next chord creates a seventh