Pit- Di And SIAD Flashcards
Vasopressin is what hormone?
When is it secreted ? 2
Adh- hold on to water
Increase in osmolality Decrease in BP
Anterior pituitary- what growth hormone called what?
What happens when levels change in secretion ? 2
Somatotropin
Insufficient- childhood dwarfism
Over secretion- giant
Common occurrence in hyper secretion of pit with what?
With ATCH - cushings
What is panhypopituitarism ? 3
Results in Atrophy of thyroid adrenal cortex and gonads
What happens during posterior lobe dysfunction? What disease
Abnormally large amount urine secreted leads which is deficient vasopressin- diabetic insipidus
What causes destruction of pit gland3
What happens- 4
Trauma tumor vascular lesion
Weight loss, hair loss,impotence/amenorrhea, hypoglycemia, coma or death
6 treatment/diagn of pit tumor
Procedure/ meds
Ct/ MRI head Radiation/ irradiation cryosurgery Brocriptine- inhibit prod. release hrmn Octreotide- (somatostatin) to shrink Hypohysectomy (transphenoidal)
Pre op management 5 (test and meds)
hypophysectomy
Endocrine testing - serum hormones
Rhinologic exam
Fundoscopix exam- look and back of eyes also check visual fields
Culture nasopharyngeal secret
Corticosteroids before and after
Post op hypophysectomy 4
(Meds care) PC
Preventing infection -antibiotic until nasal pack removed
Steroids -corticosteroid
Analgesics
Agent to control DI
Pit tumor
Nursing management 8
(What to look for test, teaching)
Visual acuity - same place Oral care-mouth, humidifier and rinse Hob 30 d- 2 weeks post op No blowing bending straining I&O-USG (DI) Cfs leak Menengitis Steroids for life if remove gland
Potential complications to hypophysectomy 3
Diabetes insipidus
Cfs leak
Menengitis
Reason for Visuals acuity test?
Count fingers
Decrease in visual acuity my indicate hemotoma
What happens from CSF leak in pit tumor
Pnd- acute attack of SOB awake from sleep
SwAllowing
Halo rings increase BG
Menengitis 2 ss?
Headache nuccal rigidity
3 causes of DI
Neurogenic-trauma ,irrigation, surgery
Nephrogenica inherited/renals not respond to adh
Drug induced
Can be transient- come and go
4 s/s of DI
Levels
Polydip- 4-30 l a day
Plolyuria - use- 1.001-1.005
5-20 L day nocturia
Dehydration
Fatigue
Diagnostic for DI 4
Procedure lab levels
Fluid deprivation test - hold 8-12hrs or. Until 3-5 wt is loss- plasma during test- unable to increase USG DI
Vasopressin test - sq adh- increase USG of DI
Urine Chem go down
Serum chem go up
Medical Management of DI 4
Meds 6
- Replace vasopressin - a. DDVAP (Desmode) intranasal b. (IM) ADH- tegretol stimulates
- Fluid replacement
- Is intracran path.
- Fluid conserve- clofibrate, chlorpropamide, thiazides diuretics, tegretol
Nursing management DI
Monitoring and why Diet 5 Care 3 IV Teaching 4 pc, one complication
- Monitor -vs, uop, I&O, labs, wt, usg- meds expect Up 4hrs
- Diet- regular but no diuretic foods caffeine, adequate calories bulk food fiber, respond to thirst
3 skin and mouth Care , studied for poss lesions
- Iv replacement lytes
- Teaching- emergency ss- hypovolemia, circ. Collapse, unconscious, cns damage.caution meds CAD pts vasopressin - vasoconstriction
SIADH what happens (hormones)
Who does it occurs in ? 3
Disorders happens in? 4
What meds causes it? 4
Excess ADH secretion- keeping fluid not exerting urine (hyponatremia)
Lungs- bronchogenic cancer, severe pneumonia, pneumothorax
Head Disorders- head injury, brain surg, tumor, infection
Meds- vincristine, tricyclics antidepressant, thiazides diuretix, nicotine
Diagnostic procedure SIADH
Urine chemistry
Serum chemistry
SIADH s/s
Three stages- 3 each
- Initially- headache, muscle cramp/weak, weight gain no edema
- As sodium decr (cerebral edema/ inc ICP)- personality change hostile, slow deep tend reflex, oliguria
- Serum sodium further drop- confusion, seizure, com death
Nursing management SIADH
Fluids - 2
Meds- 2
Complications and fixes 4
Safety 2
- Fluids- restrict po (500-1000ml) 1st, flush NG tube NS
- Meds - democlocyline, lithium carbonate- block renal respond ADH
- Complications if severe hyponat/water intox (200-300ml hypertonic 3-5 NACL) for neuro compromise not raise to normal level.
Heart failr- loop Diuretic
Treatment may led to CPM- nerve damage NA change - Safety-Neuro check 2hr/ seizure envmt/report neuro stat