Pipes and Fittings Flashcards
Cast Iron Pipe
-most popular and generally specified material for drainage installation
-extensively used in the 60s and 70s
-durable, conveniently installed (<25 storey)
-commercial length: 600cm
-diameters: 50 - 150mm
-affected to some extent by corrosion by acid formed by carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, and methane gases that create rust
2 Types of Cast Iron Pipe
SV (Service) Type and XH (Extra Heavy) Type
Generally used for building installations
SV Type
Extra duty for underground installations
XH Type
Acid Resistant Cast Iron Pipe
-made of an alloy of cast iron and silicon
-installed in chemical laboratories, industries and other installations where acid wastes are being discharged
-brittle and cracks easily, thus horizontal runs have to be supported at every 1.5m interval to prevent sagging
Asbestos Pipe
-made of asbestos fibers and portland cement
-used as soil, waste, ventilation pipe and downspouts
-suited for concrete embedment because of similar properties
Vitrified Clay Pipe
-one of the oldest materials used for sewer lines
-highly resistant to most acids
-because it is made of clay, it is brittle and cracks easily when laid on unstable ground
-made in short lengths of 750mm
Bituminous Fiber Sewer Pipe
-cheapest of all types of pipes
-light in weight, slightly flexible and can take slight soil movement without danger of cracking or pulling out of its joints. It is thus suited for house sewer and septic tank installations
-may be softened/damaged by excessive hot water or chemical flow
Galvanized Steel Pipe
-made out of mild steel and expected to last 15 to 25 years
-subject to deposits of salt and lime
-comes in several commercial sizes:
10 (3/8”), 13 (1/2”), 20 (3/4”), 25 (1”), 32 (1-1/2”), 38 (1-1/2”), 50 (2”), 75 (3”), 100 (4”)
Brass Pipe
-most expensive
-made of an alloy of zinc (15%) and copper (85%)
-resistant to acids and has a smooth interior surface
Galvanized Wrought Iron Pipe
-better than steel pipe for plumbing installation
-more resistant to acid wastes
Lead Pipe
-the oldest pipe used for plumbing systems
-highly resistant to acid
poisonous and injurious, is therefore not recommended to convey water for human consumption
Copper Pipe
-durable and extremely corrosive resistant
-easy to install; smooth interior surface
Classification of Copper Pipe
K, L, M
K Type
- heaviest
- recommended for underground installations
L Type
- lighter; available in both rigid and flexible form
- recommended for water supply line and radiant heating installations
M Type
- thinnest; available only in rigid form
- for small water supply lines and radiant heating installations
Plastic/ Synthetic Pipe
-developed in Germany in 1935
-most are produced from synthetic resins
-superior type of pipe because it weighs less, is easy to cut, is flexible, has a smooth interior surface and is cheaper than steel
2 types of Plastic Pipe
Rigid Type (Pipes) and Flexible Type (Tubing)
Consideration in choosing materials
Quality and durability
Resistance to external and internal contact with foreign matters
Resistance to acid waste and other chemical elements that will pass into it
Cost of materials and labor
Tightness
perform pressure test on joints and connections of pipes and fittings to ensure gastight and watertight connections
