PIES Lifestages

Question 1

Define the term ‘growth’

Answer 1

A change in size or weight, easy to measure

Question 2

Define the term ‘development’

Answer 2

The learning and development of new skills.

Question 3

Define the term ‘physical development’

Answer 3

The changes to the human body throughout our lifetime. The development of physical skills such as fine and gross motor skills. Growth.

Question 4

Define the term ‘intellectual development’

Answer 4

Development of the brain and the acquiring of thinking and reasoning skills. Development of memory and the ability to problem solve.

Question 5

Define the term ‘emotional development’

Answer 5

Understanding and managing of feelings. The development of self-image and self-esteem. Forming bonds and attachments

Question 6

Define the term ‘social development’

Answer 6

The ability to interact with others in society and build relationships.

Question 7

Describe the difference between fine and gross motor skills

Answer 7

Fine motor skills are smaller, more refined movements using small muscle groups in the hands and feet, e.g. drawing, painting. Gross motor skills are larger movements of the larger limbs of the body e.g. running and jumping.

Question 8

Describe how an infant develops emotionally from the age of 0-2

Answer 8

Bond and form attachments with those that care for them

Recognise their main carer

Question 9

How do infants communicate?

Answer 9

Communicate through their senses, smiles and noises such as crying
Language develops throughout

Question 10

What are the two types of play that infants model?

Answer 10

Solitary and parallel play

Question 11

What gross and fine motor skills should an infant have mastered by the age of two?

Answer 11

Walking
Crawling
Climb stairs
Put spoon to mouth
Grasp objects with whole hand

Question 12

What physical skills should a child have by the age of 8?

Answer 12

Good hand-eye coordination
Good sense of balance
Catch, throw and bounce a ball

Question 13

Describe the intellectual development of a child

Answer 13

Good vocabulary
Egocentric
Follow rules and routines, e.g. how to behave at the dinner table.

Question 14

Describe the emotional development of a child

Answer 14

Learn how to control their feelings

Develop their self-image and self-esteem

Question 15

Define the terms ‘self-image’ and ‘self-esteem’

Answer 15

Self image is the mental picture we have of ourselves

Self esteem is how much you like, accept and respect yourself. It is how you think others see you.

Question 16

What is the name of the female hormone responsible for puberty?

Answer 16

Oestrogen

Question 17

What is the name of the male hormone responsible for puberty?

Answer 17

Testosterone

Question 18

List two physical changes for girls, and two for boys, that occur during adolescence

Answer 18

Periods start
Breasts develop
Grow taller
Body hair develops
Voice deepens
Testicles develop

Question 19

What does the term ‘abstract thinking’ mean?

Answer 19

The ability to think using more complex concepts and ideas

Question 20

What does peer pressure mean?

Answer 20

When people (normally teenagers) are influenced by the views, opinions and behaviour of their close friends

Question 21

State three key changes in the physical development of early adulthood

Answer 21

Fertility declines
Weight gain
Possibly at the peak of physical fitness in the earlier part of adulthood

Question 22

How do people develop emotionally during early adulthood?

Answer 22

Develop close relationships with others
Choose to get married
Choose to start a family
Choose to live together

Question 23

Define the term ‘menopause’

Answer 23

The natural and permanent stopping of periods.

Question 24

From the age of 45-65, how do you think a person develops socially?

Answer 24

More time and money to spend to extend their social lives
Travel more
More quality time with friends

Question 25

Define the term ‘dementia’

Answer 25

An illness that affects the brain and memory, meaning you gradually lose the ability to behave normally.

Question 26

What physical changes occur during later adulthood?

Answer 26

Joints stiffen
Skin becomes thinner
Muscles become weaker
Grey hair
Less mobile

Question 27

What is the difference between solitary and parallel play?

Answer 27

Solitary play is when a child plays alone, parallel play is when a child plays alongside another child but not with them.

Question 28

List two symptoms of the menopause

Answer 28

Periods stop
Hot flushes
Mood swings
Weight gain

Question 29

Define the term ‘physical peak’

Answer 29

Optimum physical fitness, when a person is at their fittest and strongest.

Question 30

Describe the term ‘empty nest syndrome’

Answer 30

A feeling of sadness and loss when children have left the family home. Parents often feel at a loss as their main role of being a caregiver does not play as big a part in their lives.

Question 31

How many words on average should an infant know by the age of 2?

Answer 31

200

Question 32

List two ways that a child’s intellectual development can be encouraged.

Answer 32

Read to them
Talk to them.
Encourage problem solving games such as jigsaws
Drawing and painting activities
Creative play e.g. role play
Encourage them to play with others

Question 33

Provide an example of a gross motor skill a child should have mastered by the age of 8.

Answer 33

Riding a bike without stabilisers
Balancing on one leg
Running quickly and being able to change direction
Throw and catch a ball

Question 34

Define the term ‘egocentric’

Answer 34

Seeing things from only their point of view. This is evident in childhood.

Question 35

Describe how a person could be affected emotionally by the death of a partner.

Answer 35

Feel angry and frustrated
Isolate themselves
Lonely
Depressed

Question 36

How would a person benefit socially from retiring?

Answer 36

More time to spend with friends

Can start a new hobby.