PIE Final Flashcards
Exceptional children differ from the norm in ______
learning and/or behavior
Handicaps are NOT evident at _____ or shortly thereafter
birth
_____ as many __ receive special education services
twice, boys
Which is the largest disability category in special education?
specific learning disabilities
Prior to the 1970’s , students with disabilities could not enroll in _____ ____
public schools
In what way is IDEA and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 alike?
They both require placement in the most integrated setting possible
What is one thing NOT defined a major life activity in the Americans with Dissabilities Act
Enjoying leisure time
Compared to students are other racial and ethnic groups, African American students are most likely to be identified as having _____ _______
intellectual disabilities
Which of the following groups are generally underrepresented in special education?
Asian Americans
____ does NOT contribute to disproportionate representation of diverse students in special education
inconsistent parental involvement
What is true about parent involvement and special education?
parent involvement is an essential element of SPED
The first parent group to advocate for children with disabilities was the ______ _____ _____
National Society for Crippled Children
What argument is least powerful for family involvement in special education?
Family members need to feel that they are important
According to research, initial reactions of parents who learn that their child has a disability are generally ______
feelings of shock, denial, and disbelief
Common feelings of siblings of children with disabilities DO NOT include
fear that they will be rejected by their sibling with disabilities
Effective home-school partnerships are characterized by ______
a climate of mutual respect and trust
What is NOT criteria for the diagnosis of an intellectual disability?
concurrent sensory disabilities
What are criteria for a diagnosis of intellectual disability?
deficits in adaptive behavior, significantly subaverage intelligence, and manifestation during the developmental period
What about IQ tests is NOT true?
IQ tests tend to be static
What best represents a deficit in adaptive behavior?
A 12 year old being unable to cross the street without assistance
What is a good example of self-determination?
Gina asks to ride the bus to town with her cousin so she can learn to use transportation
Social deficits displayed by students with intellectual disabilities include poor communication skills, inability to recognize emotional states of others, and unusual behavior during social interactions but NOT
inability to recall names
What is not an environmental cause of an intellectual disability?
Disease or syndrome
During the practice stage of learning, feedback for students with intellectual disabilities should
emphasize the correct rate of skill performance
What is a strategy that is unlikely to promote successful inclusion for students with intellectual disabilities?
common recess time
Before IDEA 2004, the most common way to identify a severe discrepancy between expected and actual achievement was _________
comparing student scores on IQ tests with scores on an achievement test
What is the drawback to using a discrepancy approach to indentifying children with learning disabilities?
it is a wait to fail approach
Most students with learning disabilities have problems with _____
reading
What is the defining characteristic of students with learning disabilities?
Achievement deficits in spite of adequate intelligence and effective instruction
An environment agent suspected as a cause of learning disabilities is _____ _____ ____
impoverished living conditions
Handouts containing an outline of lecture content and including spaces for writing key facts, concepts, or relationships is an example of ___ ____
guided notes
Using an acronym such as HOMES to remember the names of the five great lakes is an example of a _________ _____ which is a form of a mnemonic device
letter strategy
What is an incredibly restrictive service option offered for students with learning disabilities
separate classroom
Neuroimaging research has indicated that students with dyslexia have differences in the brain structure or functioning in the ____ _____ _____
left temporal lobe
Why is it difficult to develop a clear definition of emotional disabilities>
Norms for appropriate behavior differ across cultures
What is NOT a condition required to qualify for an emotional disturbance?
Visibility
What is not a factor contributing to vagueness of the definition of an emotional disturbance?
Inclusion of five different problems as qualifications
What is NOT an example of a student displaying possible internalizing behavior?
Seven year old Sophie is constantly out of her seat during all subjects, ignores the teacher, and argues aggressively
_____ are more likely to have _____ disorders than girls
boys, externalizing
What is true about students who display antisocial behaviors at an early age?
They are likely to engage in delinquent behavior in adolescence
What is one external factor that is NOT a cause of emotional disabilities?
Vitamin defficiencies
What is one external factor that is NOT a cause of emotional disabilities?
Vitamin deficiencies
What are some causes of emotional disabilities?
brain dysfunction, differences in temperament, genetic factors
What is true about the identification of students with emotional and behavior dissorders?
Young children are more difficult to identify
What is true regarding risk factors and emotional and behavioral problems?
behavioral problems are generally the result of the accumulation of several risk factors
Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports ________
use research-based interventions to teach appropriate behaviors
Autism is best described as an _________ ________
developmental disorder
Repeating a phrase back to the speaker is common in children with autism and is known as
echolalia
A child with autism would have a hard time understanding why ____
a joke is funny
Some people with autism do not ____ ____ in a normal way
feel pain
Overselectivity is characterized as
focusing on a part rather than the whole
Although students with Aperger syndrome are similar to students with autism, they
don’t have deficits in language or general intellectual functioning
Using ____ therapy to eliminate ____ does not improve the success of children with ____
secretin, symptoms, autism
Visual activity schedules for students with autism are a form of _____
prompting
The collective wisdom of experts, in a study by Heward, indentified skills for successful inclusion of students with autism. These experts indicated that student success depended on the ability to
participate in and learn in group lessons
A strong argument for including students with autism in general education is that ______
they can learn from socially competent children
