PICU and NICU Flashcards
what is post intensive care syndrome?
new or worsening impairments in physical, cognitive, or mental health status arising after critical illness and persisting beyond acute care hospitalisation.
list the adverse effects of chest physiotherapy
- hypoxema
- increased ICP
- atelectasis
- increased length of stay
- increased metabolic demands
- change in HP and BP
- pneumothoraces
- death
what are the contraindications to early mobilisation?
- haemodynamic instability
- neurological instability
- respiratory instability
- uncontrolled bleding
- coagulopathy
- unstable fractures
what are the benefits of KMC?
- thermoregulation
- improved sleep
- decreased LOS
- decreased mortality
- improved breastfeeding
- enhances growth
- improved spo2, fewer desats
- decreases procedural pain
- improved development
- empowers mothers
- attachment and bonding with mom
- regulates HR and RR
- decreases risk of nasocomial infections
what are the advantages and disadvantages of supine positioning?
ADVANTAGES:
- easier to monitor
- easier nursing
DISADVANTAGES:
- delayed acquisition of milestones
- increased work of breathing
- increased reflux
- increased energy expenditure
what are the advantages and disadvantages of sidelying?
ADVANTAGES:
- self-calming movements
- left side may reduce reflux
- facilitates midline
DISADVANTAGES:
- may create a V/Q mismatch
what are the advantages and disadvantages of prone positioning?
ADVANTAGES:
- improved oxygenation
- more synchronus chest movement
- anterior chest wall is stabilised and thus diaphragm function is improved
- improves feeding outcomes
- improved sleeping
- less stress response
- natural fetal position
- improved milestone acquisition
DISADVANTAGES:
- postural deformities
- muscle shortening
- difficulty with sensory motor development
- occlusion of jugular vein and thus increased ICP
- accidental line removal
- link to SIDS
what are the normal cvalues for HR and RR in a neonate?
HR; 100-20bpm
RR: 40-60
what are the normal values for HR and RR in children up to 3 years?
HR: 100-180
RR;20-30
what are the normal values for HR and RR in a child 3-6 years old?
HR: 70-150
RR: 20-30
what are the normal values for HR and RR in a child older than 6?
HR: 70-150
RR: 15-20
