Pictures Flashcards
What does this picture show?
dysplasia and carcinoma in situ–these are precancer events
leading to cervical cancer
here you see hyperplasia that is still contained by the basement membrane.
What does this picture show?
ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast
proliferation of cells that are contained by the basement membrane (brown line)
What does this picture show?
this picture shows microinvasion
the earliest phase of invasion (here) of breast cancer
finite risk for metastatic disease at this point.
What does this schematic represent?
monoclonal dominance
all the cancer cells shown in the darker color come from the same ancestral cell
takes multiple hits to transform that one cell, tho. That is why cancer isn’t more common than it is. But–it only takes one.
What does this picture show?
cancer of the testes
a good representation of monoclonal dominance–not hard to believe in this pic that all of the cancerous cells came from one ancestral cell
What does this picture show?
micrometastasis
sentinel lymph node
breast cancer often spreads thru lymphatics–goes first to the axilla
What does this picture show?
ducts & glands are well defined
cant see lumens tho
moderately differentiated invasive ductal carcinoma
What does this picture show?
emboli in the lymphovascular channels
this qualifies as moderately differentiated
What does A & B show?
A: DCIS, cribriform
B: DCIS, solid
What does A, B, C show?
A: ER receptor assay by IHC
B: Her-2/neu assay by IHC
C: Her-2/neu assay by FISH
What morphologic abnormality does this show?
toxic granulation
large, blue-black granules (azurophilic)
usu associated with dohle bodies & vacuolization
What does this picture show?
dohle bodies
remnants of free ribosomes & rough ER
seen in severe bacterial infections, pregnancy, burns, cancer, aplastic anemia, toxic states
occur with toxic granulation & vacuolization
What does this picture show?
vacuolization
end stage of phagocytosed material, fat
predictor of sepsis
the neutrophils eat dead stuff, so they get fat in there.
What does this picture show?
hyposegmented nucleus
sparse granules
pelger-huet anomaly
·Autosomal dominant trait occurring in 1:5,000 people
·
·Clinically asymptomatic with normal neutrophil function
·
·Heterozygous form
·Homozygous form
·
·Distinguish from reactive left-shift
·
·Pseudo-Pelger-Huet anomaly
What does this picture show?
pelger-huet anomaly
these things are functionally normal but could mimic myelodysplasia
associated with a higher risk of progressing to leukemia
What does this pic show?
hypersegmentation
·Definition: >5% neutrophils with five lobes or any with six
·
·Associated with megaloblastic anemia (B12 def), chronic infection, myelodysplastic syndromes
·
·Hereditary hypersegmentation: autosomal dominant, rare, not associated with disease
What does this pic show?
alder-reilly anomaly
·Autosomal recessive trait
·
·Large, purplish granules in cytoplasm
·
·Granules stain metachromatically with Toluidine blue
·
·Associated with mucopolysaccharidoses (Hunter’s syndrome, Hurler’s syndrome)
**functionally perfect, the granules look funny. Associates with the H syndromes.
What does this pic show?
chediak higashi
·Autosomal recessive trait
·
·Giant gray-green peroxidase- positive bodies in cytoplasm of leukocytes and other cells
·
·Defects in fusion of cytoplasmic membranes, locomotion, and chemotaxis
**lysosomal transport deficiency…can’t transport melanosomes either–hypopigmentation in patients.
·Abnormal melanosomes (skin hypopigmentation, photophobia)
·
·Lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly
What does this pic show?
may-hegglin anomaly
**get giant platelets
·Autosomal dominant trait
·
·Large Döhle body-like inclusions in granulocytes
·
·Involves myosin heavy chain 9
·
·Inclusions contain RNA
·
·Associated with thrombocytopenia and giant oval platelets with few granules
·
·Typically present with bleeding disorder due to platelet defect.
What does this pic show?
plasma cells
note the clockwork chromatin
hoff is the clear area
eccentric nuclei
monoclonal proliferation
Here: multiple myeloma
What does this picture show?
this also shows multiple myeloma
these are sheets of plasma cells
What does this pic show?
this pic shows electrophoresis
Heavy Chain: IgA
Light Chain: kappa
This patient has a myeloma.
Some patients with this could develop a hyperviscosity syndrome.
