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Unknowns > Pick'n'Mix 3A (1) > Flashcards

Pick'n'Mix 3A (1) Flashcards

1
Q

Management of PROM

A 
Admit for 48hr
Rule out choriorioamnionitis 
Take a swab with a steriles speculum 
Give steroids 
Erythromycin 500mg ODS
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2
Q

Outline the different types of hysterectomy

A

Total: hysterectomy, tubes, ovaries and cervix

Vaginal: hysterectomy, tubes, ovaries and cervix and top part of the vagina

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3
Q

Treatments for

i) Stress incontinence
ii) Overactive bladder

A 
i) Stress incontinence  
Conservative 
Pelvic floor exercise 
Duloxatine ( lots of side effects) 
Surgery

ii) Overactive bladder
Reduce caffeine intake
Anticholinergics
Botox

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4
Q

Define HELLP syndrome

A

Haemolysis
Elevated liver enzymes
Low platelets

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5
Q

What does the combined test consist of

A

PAPPA
bHCG
Nuchael translucency

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6
Q

What are diabetic pregnancies at increase risk of

A

Miscarriage
Shoulder dystocia
Infection
Cord prolapse

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7
Q

What are the contraindications for synotometrin

A

HTN
Asthma
Active heart disease

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8
Q

What is a csytourethalcycle

A

Urethrocyle and a cystocyle

Descent of a proportion of tissue can lead to ulceration

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9
Q

List the risk of an ectopic

A 
Prev ectopic 
Contraception 
Tubal surgery 
Other surgeries in the abdominal cavity 
Pelvic inflammatory disease 
Infertility
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10
Q

Define secondary infertility

A

Achieved at least one pregnancy ( regardless of the outcome)

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11
Q

Signs of red degeneration

A

Syphsis- fundal height greater than expected
Complication of a fibroid
Occurs usually in the middle trimester

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12
Q

Outline the pathology of Erb’s palsy

A

Occurs due to trama to the upper trunk C5,C6 of the brachial plexus
Occurs during obstructed labour

Muscles supplied by C5 and C6

  • musclocutaneous
  • radial
  • axillary
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13
Q

Outline the criteria for normal sperm

A 
Volume 2-3mL 
Count > 15,000,000
Progressive motility > 50%
Morphology > 15%
Progression> 25%
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14
Q

Outline the different types of rupture of membranes

A

SROM: Spontaneous rupture of membranes

AROM: Artificial rupture of membranes

PROM: Rupture of membranes prior to the onset of labour in >37weeks

PPROM: PROM prior to 37 weeks

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15
Q

Outline the care for an epileptic pregnant lady

  • ANC
  • Intra
  • PNC
A

ANC

  • Consultant led
  • Pre conceptual care
  • Folic acid 5mg
  • Monotherapy if possible
  • Vitamin K in the last few weeks
  • Regular anomaly scans

Intra

  • Vaginal delivery ( if possible)
  • Lower seizure threshold during labour and postpartum
  • If status epilepticcus give benzos

PNC

  • Baby vit K
  • Implement strategies to prevent dropping the baby
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16
Q

Causes/Risk of miscarriage

A 
Multiple pregnancy 
Infections 
Cytotoxic drugs 
Cervical incompetence 
Anatomical anomaly 
Rising age of the mother 
Radiation 
Implementation 
Anti-phospolipid syndrome 
Genetic abnormalities 
Endocrine
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17
Q

Risk factors for placenta caret

A

Previous c-sections
Ashermann’s syndrome
Pelvic inflammatory disease

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18
Q

Post maturity pregnancy

A

Bishop’s score <6: vaginal PGE2
Reassess after 6hrs

Bishops’s score <7 administer further prostaglandins and reassess

Indications to induce
FOETAL 
- >10 days post due date
- Foetal growth restriction 
- GDM 
- Haemolytic disease of the newborn 
- Foetal abnormalities

MATERNAL

  • Pre-eclampsia
  • Worsening medical condition
  • Malignancy
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19
Q

Mechanism of action of the copper coil

A

Inflammatory reaction in the endometrial cavity
Thicken cervical mucus
Inhibits sperm motility ( golgi apparatus)
Reduces the likelihood of implantation

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20
Q

Contraindications for receiving the coil

A 
Pregnancy or 48hrs-4 weeks post part 
Undiagnosed irregular vaginal bleeding 
STI <3mnths ago
Distorted uterine cavity 
Gynae cancer 
Copper allergy
21
Q

Define maternal mortality ratio

A

Number of maternal deaths per live births per 1,000

22
Q

Define infant mortality rate

A

Number of deaths amongst infants at 1 yr of age

23
Q

Define neonatal mortality rate

A

Number of deaths amongst infants under 28 days over 1,000 live births

24
Q

Define the still birth rate

A

Number of the foetus delivered after 24 weeks + who at that time did not breathe or show signs of life per 1,000 per total births

25
Q

Signs of glactosomia in a neonate

A 
Vomiting 
Seizure 
Decreased glucose 
HSM 
\+ve reducing substance in urine 
Jaundice
26
Q

Management of kawaskis

A

Immuniglobin IV 2g one off

High dose aspirin

27
Q

List the causes of delayed pubertal growth

A

Pituitary

  • Tumours
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Tuberculosis
  • Haemochromatosis

Gondal

  • Testicular agensis
  • Bilaterial testicular torsion
  • Klenifleters
  • Noonans
  • Turners
28
Q

Treatment of mild croup

A

Single dose of oral dexamethasone 0.15mg/kg

29
Q

List the most common malignant breast tumour

A

Adenocarcinoma

30
Q

What is the antidote to heparin

A

Protamine sulphate

31
Q

Management of lithium toxicity

A

Stop Li
Fluids ( normal saline)
If very severe do haemodialysis

32
Q

Management of trigeminal neuralgia

A

Carbamazepine

33
Q

What is the defining features of 3rd degree heart block

A

no correlation between the P waves and the QRS complex

34
Q

Features of premature ovarian failure

A

<40yrs old
Amenorrhea
Elevated gonadotrophins
oestrogen deficiency

35
Q

Diagnosis the following clinical presentation

Syncopal episode associated with a seizures
Precede by minor head trauma “bump” or fear
Gasps, goes pale and loss of consciousness
Child experiences a convulsive phase
Quickly recovered

A

Reflex anoxic seizures

36
Q

Under what circumstance would you investigation a UTI

A 
Atypical bugs grown 
Take >48hrs to respond to abx 
Very ill child 
Poor urine output 
Increased creatine 
Septic
37
Q 
Name the following syndrome and how it is detected 
Cardiac defects 
Abnormal facies 
Thymic hypoplasia 
Cleft plate 
Hypocalcaemia
A

DiGeorge’s syndrome

Detections with cytogenic analysis by fluroscent in situ hybridisation

38
Q

List the features of moderate dehydration

A 
Restless 
Decreased urine output 
Irritability 
Sunken eyes 
Dry mucous membranes 
Tachycardia 
NORMAL cap refill
39
Q

List the features of severe dehydration

A 
Decreased level of consciousness 
Pale or mottled skin 
Cold extremities 
Increase HR 
Increase RR
Weak peripheral pulse 
Prolonged CRT
40
Q

Name the inheritance pattern of phenylketonuria

A

Autosommal recessive

Tested for on the Guthrie test

These babies lack melanin and often will have blue eyes and white hair

41
Q

List the triad of symptoms seen in toxoplasmosis

A

Chorioentinitis
Hydrocephalus
Tramlike calcifications

42
Q

What is seen on X-ray in nec

A

Dilated oedematous loops of bowel

Portal vein gas

43
Q

What is the biochemical state of the body in pyloric stenosis

A

Hypokalaemic hypochoraemic metabolic acidosis

44
Q

Clinical features of a baby with transposition of the great arteries

A

Single heart beat sound
Metabolic acidosis
Cyanosised
Severely unwell

45
Q

What organism causes croup

A

Parainfluenza

46
Q

What is the pattern of inheritance of marfan’s

A

Autosommal dominant

Chromosome 15

47
Q

What are the clinical features of marfan’s

A 
Long limbs and digits 
High arched palate 
Scoliosis 
Sternal defects 
Cardiac defects
48
Q

What is the defining features seen with parvovirus

A

Slapped cheek

Unknowns (4 decks)

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