Piano

Question 1

Spruce

Answer 1

SOUNDBOARD, keybed, keys, structural beams, any place there will be compressive force, sometimes parts of keyframe, infrequently ribs, bosendorfer rim; Engelman, Adirondak (Eastern), Romanian, Sitka (Alaskan; Steinway)

Question 2

Maple

Answer 2

RIM, case, action parts, shanks, BRIDGE ROOT AND CAP, PINBLOCK, key buttons, shanks, wipens

Question 3

Basswood

Answer 3

From the Linden tree, very soft, sometimes keys, key buttons, sometimes case parts

Question 4

Oak

Answer 4

Long, open pores, very versatile; Sometimes parts of key frame, inexpensive veneer (common on school pnos.), key frame, keybed, glider stud inserts, beams

Question 5

Poplar

Answer 5

Very light, close-grained, softest of hardwoods, 2- toned (1 is greenish); core for LIDS, fallboard, legs, glider stud inserts

Question 6

Acacia

Answer 6

Used in past for action parts

Question 7

Walnut

Answer 7

Key frame, hammer molding, nut hole cores

Question 8

Ash

Answer 8

Fallboard

Question 9

Beech

Answer 9

European, similar to maple, used for parts commonly made with maple in US; action parts, key buttons, rim

Question 10

Ebony

Answer 10

Very hard; sharps, sometimes veneer ( very expensive)

Question 11

Cherry

Answer 11

Veneer

Question 12

Walnut

Answer 12

Hammer molding, nut hole cores

Question 13

Sapele

Answer 13

Fancy veneer

Question 14

Hornbeam

Answer 14

Renner action parts; used in Europe as substitute for maple

Question 15

Rosewood

Answer 15

2-toned (quite dark brown/regular wood color), Greasy; veneer, tuning hammers, knuckle core

Question 16

Mahogany

Answer 16

Greasy; veneer, case parts: lid, legs; hammer molding, key frames, Steinway and many European makers: inside of rim is often a layer of mahogany

Question 17

Falconwood

Answer 17

American, densely-laminated pinblock material made of maple, ~35-40 laminations per inch

Question 18

Delignit

Answer 18

European, densely-laminated pinblock material made of beech, ~20-25 laminations/inch

Question 19

Faux bois

Answer 19

Often, intricately-carved legs or other parts made of poplar or mahogany or something easy to work with are painted to match veneer of rest of pno

Question 20

Mackerel

Answer 20

Mandulary rays; added to upright hammer shanks for strength

Question 21

Particleboard

Answer 21

Thin veneer layers on top and bottom with wood chips and shavings and lots of glue in between, really heavy; cheap pnos use for lid or even soundboard

Question 22

Cast iron

Answer 22

PLATE, action bracket, una corda shift lever, Steinway bell, interlocking plates for legs and lyre, some casters, some pedals (usually plated), aliquot bars

Question 23

Aluminum

Answer 23

Action rails, upright hammer rest rails, damper lift trays, some sostenuto blades, wng balance and front pins (anodized aluminum: stay shiny and undented)

Question 24

Brass

Answer 24

Agraffes, casters, ferrules, pedal rods, capstans, flange, escutcheon, pedals often solid brass, some lyre braces, hinges/case hardware(rosettes, lid locks), sometimes fallboard decals, logo visible on side of concert grands, glider studs, damper wires (nickel-plated), some old brands have solid brass pitmans, DROP SCREWS, sostenuto blades, nose bolt nuts, sometimes action brackets

Question 25

Nickel-plating

Answer 25

Anything shiny, silver color; case hardware, front and balance pins, pedals, spoons, bad ctr pins,, damper wires, aliquots, pressure bar, tuning pins, nose bolt nuts

Question 26

Steel

Answer 26

Tuning pins, music wire, sometimes aliquots, SCREWS AND BOLTS, leaf springs, pedal return springs, una corda return spring, hitch pins, nose bolts, backcheck wires, spoons

Question 27

Lead

Answer 27

Key weights, damper underlever weights, fallboard counterweights

Question 28

Copper

Answer 28

Bridge pins typically coated in copper, bass string winding, steinway sostenuto brackets

Question 29

German silver

Answer 29

Ctr pins

Question 30

Phosphor bronze

Answer 30

Repetition springs

Question 31

Sugar pine

Answer 31

A little denser than regular white pine; key frame, keybed, beams, ribs, KEYS