Piaget’s stages of development, Maslow’s hierarchy of need Flashcards
What did Jean Piaget hypothesise?
Children are not less intelligent than adults, they just think differently
Don’t just learn new things; instead there is a qualitative change in how children think as they gradually process through the 4 stages
What ages does the first stage of development occur between?
0-2 yrs
What is Piaget’s first stage of development called?
The Sensorimotor Stage
Describe Piaget’s first stage of development
Acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating objects
At this point, child’s intelligence consists of basic motor and sensory explorations of world
Developing object permanence/constancy (understanding that objects continue to exist even when they can’t be seen)
Learning how objects are separate and distinct entities and that they have an existence outside of individual perception allows child to begin to attach names and words to objects
What ages does the 2nd stage of development occur between?
2-7 yrs
What is Piaget’s 2nd stage of development called?
The Preoperational Stage
Describe Piaget’s 2nd stage of development
Kids learn through pretend play but still struggle with logic and empathy
Also struggle with idea of constancy
e.g. two lumps of clay (both same size), one a ball and one flattened: child will choose the flat shape because it looks larger
What ages does the 3rd stage of development occur between?
7-11 yrs
What is Piaget’s 3rd stage of development called?
The Concrete Operational Stage
Describe Piaget’s 3rd stage of development
Kids begin to think more logically, but thinking can also be very rigid
Tend to struggle with abstract and hypothetical concepts
Children become less egocentric and develop empathy
Kids also begin to understand that their thoughts are unique to them and not everyone else necessarily shares their thoughts, feelings and opinions
What ages does the 4th stage of development occur between?
11 - Adulthood
What is Piaget’s 4th stage of development called?
The Formal Operational Stage
Describe Piaget’s 4th stage of development
Involves increase in logic, ability to use deductive reasoning and an understanding of abstract ideas
Become capable of seeing multiple potential solutions to problems and think more scientifically about the world around them
What did Maslow hypothesise?
People are motivated to achieve certain needs
When one need is fulfilled, a person seeks to fulfill the next one and so on
The deficiency or basic needs are said to motivate people when they are unmet
Need to fulfill need will become stronger the longer the duration that the person is denied it
One must satisfy lower order needs before progressing to higher order needs
How does Maslow’s hypothesis relate to child development?
Children develop basic neurological control over basic needs first, before later developing higher needs
