Phyysiology Of Respiration Flashcards
Muscles of respiration
س٧
Pao2 also is proportional to the
1/fraction of inspired oxygen.
2/ the water vapor pressure
3/the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveolus
at high lung volumes, however, the……… also recoils inward .
chest wall
Intrapulmonary pressure
1/During Quiet breath:
2/During Forced breath:
• +/- 3 mmHg
•+/- 20-30 mm Hg intrapulmonary pressure
Diffusion in the alveoli is depending on …………
Fick’s law
Conducting zone
•Warms and humidifies until inspired air becomes:
•37 degrees
•Saturated with water vapor
The ………… main bronchus has a predilection for foreign body impaction because it is wider
right
Conducting zone is until
Terminal bronchioles =16th generation
لةكوراو تةواو بوون :-
1/غضروف
2/خلية قوبليت
3/SM
لةلاي اول برونشيول
Terminal bronchiole
Respiratory bronchiole
Along their courses, the bronchial vessels anastomose with the pulmonary……… circulation and continue as far as the alveolar duct.
arterial
هردگیان خریکه خوین ارا رئه بةن
شریاني / كاملا پيس
برونشيال /كاملا پاك مع غذائيش
Spirometry
•Breathe into a closed system, with
Air
water
moveable bell
Lung volumes capacities
س٤٣
Tidal volume at quite breath
Dead space =1/3 Tidal volume
500 ml
150 ml
Total minute volume:
tidal x breaths/min
500 x 12 = 6 L/min
•Exercise: even 200 L/min!
the most you can actually ever expire, with forced inspiration and expiration.
Vital capability
اقصى ما يمكن أن يتحرك
Restrictive disorder:
محدود كننده ى عمل ريه
•Vital capacity is reduced.
•Less air in lungs.
مقارنة مابين ضغوط الغازات في الهواء الحويصلي والهواء المتنفس
O2 +N2
CO2
زياتر في الهواء المتنفس
زياتر في الهوء الحويصلي
P02 in alveolar air ~ = P02 in blood.
طبق قانون ………
هنري
مدى تنظيم ضغوط الغازات
O2
CO2
40-100mmHg
40-46mmHg
The binding (association/dissociation curve) is NOT linear, it is rather a …………shaped) curve.
sigmoid (S
Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
Shift to right when =لةتراكيز زياتر اوكسجين يلا لة هيموگلوبين جياوة بوود
👆(Temperature + CO2 + 2,3BPG) + 👇pH
Oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve
Shift to left when
لةتراكيز كةمتر اوكسجين ، اوكسجينةگة لة هيموگلوبين جياوة بوود
👇Temperature+ CO2 +2,3BPG
👆Met Hb+HbF +CO+pH
Alveolar ventilation depends on
1/Rate and depth of breathing
2/Airway resistance
3/lung compliance
Oxygen diffusion between alveoli +blood depends on
1/surface area
2/diffusion distance which depends on………+………
Membrane thickness + amount of interstitial fluid
Important things to consider during formation of bicarbonate in RBCs
Plasma
۱/زيادبووني آيون هايدروجين يعني ترشيتي
٢/تا بيكاربوناتةگة دةربچد لة خروكة قرمزةگة وبادة پلاسما ،كلور لةجياتي چدة ناو /يعني كلور پلاسما كةمةو بوود
1/H👆
2/Cl👇
peripheral and central chemoreceptors
•Peripheral in the carotid and aortic bodies
•Central in the medulla oblongata
Regulation of ventilation :-
Responding to O2
Responding to CO2
Medullary receptors also receive from peripheral receptors via CN 9+10
س٦١
س٦٢
النقطة المهمة هي ان ثاني اوكسيد الكربون يزداد في السائل النخاعي ايضا
Rhythmic ventilation is due to spontaneously discharging neurons
Pre-Bötzinger complex (pacemaker) At VRG
Higher brain centers PRG including …………and ………… integrate sensory input from…………and influence activity of the medullary neurons……………and…………
1/ Apneustic + pneumotaxic
2/chemoreceptors in nucleus of tractus solitarius
3/DRG+VRG
Apneustic centre ……………the DRG ,While Pneumotaxic centre ……………it
Stimulate to make deep breathing
Inhibit it so control rate of breathing
Maintains constant breathing rhythm at rest (quite breathing)
Called inspiration centre
DRG
Output via Intercostal nerves + phrenic nerves
VRG
Forced breathing (inspiration+expiration).
