Physiology: Preparation and training methods

Question 1

Name 3 health related components of fitness

Answer 1

Stamina
Muscular strength
Muscular endurance
Body composition
Flexibility

Question 2

Define stamina

Answer 2

The ability to delay the onset of fatigue

Question 3

Define muscular strength

Answer 3

Applying force to overcome a resistance

Question 4

Define muscular endurance

Answer 4

The ability to perform repeated muscular contractions without becoming fatigued

Question 5

Define body composition

Answer 5

The proportion of body weight which are fat, muscle, bone and internal organs

Question 6

Define flexibility

Answer 6

The maximum range of movement available at a joint

Question 7

Name 3 skill-related components of fitness

Answer 7

1.Agility
2.Balance
3.Co-ordination
4.Speed
5.Power
6.Reaction time

Question 8

Define agility

Answer 8

The ability to change direction quickly and efficiently

Question 9

Define balance

Answer 9

The ability to keep the body’s centre of mass over the base of support

Question 10

Define co-ordination

Answer 10

The ability to link and move two or more body parts together smoothly and efficiently

Question 11

Define speed

Answer 11

Ability to move quickly from one place to another

Question 12

Define power

Answer 12

Rapid application of force

Question 13

How is power calculated?

Answer 13

Speed x strength

Question 14

Define reaction time

Answer 14

From the start of the stimulus to the start of the movement

Question 15

What does SPORV stand for?

Answer 15

Specificity
Progressive Overload
Reversibility
Variance

Question 16

How can a coach make training specific

Answer 16

By using the same muscle groups, muscle fibres and energy systems

Question 17

Define progressive overload

Answer 17

Gradually changing training in order to force a physiological adaptation

Question 18

Define reversibility

Answer 18

If a performer stops training, then their fitness levels will decrease

Question 19

Outline the 4 principles of progressive overload

Answer 19

Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type

Question 20

Define continuous training

Answer 20

Completing a continuous skill for at least 20 minutes

Question 21

What does continuous training aim to improve?

Answer 21

Cardiovascular endurance

Question 22

Define interval training

Answer 22

Involves alternating between period of high intensity exercise and short periods of rest

Question 23

What does interval training aim to improve?

Answer 23

Cardiovascular endurance

Question 24

Define fartlek training

Answer 24

Involves alternating between periods of high and low intensities on different terrains for 40 minutes

Question 25

What can weight training be used to develop?

Answer 25

Muscular strength or muscular endurance

Question 26

What is the purpose of plyometrics?

Answer 26

Cause hypertrophy of the type 2b muscle fibres which increases power

Question 27

What does plyometric training begin with?

Answer 27

A protective mechanism designed to prevent overstretching

Question 28

In plyometrics, where do the muscle spindles send a message to?

Answer 28

The central nervous system

Question 29

What does the central nervous system activate during plyometrics?

Answer 29

A stretch reflex